Natrium muriaticum Anhang 5
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance
http://ir.dut.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10321/47/Hofmeyr_2004.pdf?sequence=8
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance study of potencies of Natrum muriaticum
15CH prepared by trituration and succussion versus Natrum muriaticum 15CH
prepared by succussion alone
[Dorita Hofmeyr]
The purpose of this investigation was to analyse and compare the Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of potencies of Natrum muriaticum 15CH
prepared by trituration and succussion, and
Natrum muriaticum 15CH prepared by succussion alone. It was hypothesized
that in terms of the effect of trituration (or not) of these substances that
significant differences exist between the chemical
shift and relative integration values of the CH2, CH3, H2O and OH
signals of these homoeopathic substances. It was further hypothesized that the
process of trituration plays an integral part in the
development of distinct physicochemical identities in the potencies
mentioned above.
The investigation was designed as a scientific experiment whereby
centesimal potencies were prepared according to the directions of Hahnemann to the
15CH level. Volumes of 15ml of the final liquid
potencies (87% ethanol) of each group were prepared and sent for
analysis.
NMR spectroscopy was conducted on three samples of each sample group.
The samples were drawn into coaxial sample tubes making use of acetone
as an external lock and using ethanol as the reference. The samples were drawn
by the resident NMR-technician in the Department
of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg. The NMR
spectrometer used was a Varian 500MHz INOVA having a 5 mm broadband switchable
probe and a 5mm inverse detection probe.
The pulse angle was set at 90° and the emperature was maintained at a
constant value of 298.1 K (25.0° C).
The data was recorded and expressed in the form of NMR spectra giving the
chemical shift value and integration values of the peaks. The chemical shift
and relative integration values of the CH2, CH3,
H2O and OH signals were subjected to a process of statistical analysis
using two main steps. The two sample groups were statistically compared by
applying the test to the chemical shifts and the ANOVA
method to the relative integrations. The level of significance was set
at α = 0.05 for
all test comparisons.
Statistically significant differences were noted in the t-test comparison
of the chemical shift values for the H2O and OH signals. No statistically
significant differences were noted for CH2 or CH3 signals.
For the ANOVA method of comparison of relative integration statistically
significant differences were found to exist for CH2, H2O and OH signals. There
were no statistically significant differences
observed for CH3 signals.
The result of the study did not allow a conclusive explanation of the
specific structures responsible for homoeopathic remedy action.
However the results did serve to support the hypothesis that the effect
of trituration (or not) on the substance render ethanol samples that are
distinct from each other in terms of their identities measured
by NMR spectroscopy. It also serves to support the use of NMR spectroscopy
as a tool in the investigation of the nature of homoeopathic potencies.
[David Lilley]
Common salt, common it may be, but it provides the homeopathic materia
medica with a remedy of profound importance in the treatment of emotional suffering:
the pangs and hurts of life, which are most often hidden from others.
The main source of sodium chloride is the sea. It is rarely found as
solid deposits in the earth’s crust, and then usually in saltpans where it has
been left behind as a precipitate after its liquid medium has evaporated.
It is a mineral with an affinity for fluids, and as it is in nature so
it is in the body. It is found predominantly in the extracellular fluids, in
striking contrast with the potassium salts, which are mainly intercellular.
From this position, by the power of osmosis, it acts as a regulator of
the transport and distribution of the body fluids. Another vital function of
salt is the electrical polarisation of cell membranes enabling the transmission
of nerve impulses. A substance that is largely responsible for the flow and
exchange of fluids and the flow and exchange of neural signals, displays
extreme sensitivity and receptivity – or awareness! This is true of the salt
subject or archetype.
The relationship between Nat-m., common salt, and the ocean is
immediately apparent; to a child they are as one. It was from the bosom of the
ocean, in primordial times, that the first primitive and undifferentiated life
forms sprang. The ocean is the mother and source of all organic life, and Nat-m.
is her main mineral constituent. It is likewise the main mineral constituent of
man’s inner ocean of body fluids, being the most important salt of the blood
plasma. Nat-m. is intimately connected with the evolution of life, and the
higher the life form the more significant its role becomes.
Plants contain comparatively small amounts of sodium chloride, the role
of sodium as fluid regulator being performed by potassium. The higher
organisms, the mammals, require sodium chloride in comparatively large amounts.
It is clear that as life evolves to higher forms, and the faculties of
perception and feeling unfold, the role of sodium chloride in psychological and
biological functions becomes increasingly important.
The active secretion of salt through the urine, sweat and tears appeared
in parallel with the development of feeling and the tender emotions. The
evolution of the salt metabolism has kept pace with the unfolding capacity for
emotion. It is a chemical link between the ego-personality and the body, and as
such is deeply associated with psychosomatic phenomena. This relationship is
confirmed by the high concentrations of sodium chloride found in the organs of
perception and feeling – the cerebrum, the nervous system and the vitreous
fluid of the eye. When emotions are permitted to flow, both in grief or joy,
tears spring to the eyes and spilling over trickle down the cheeks, where the
waiting tongue finds them tasting of salt.
The proportions of the principal elements in our blood serum, calcium,
magnesium, sodium and potassium, are in the same ratio to one another as has
been found in sea precipitations of the Cambrian era - a time some 600 million
years ago when animal organisms first evolved in the waters of the ocean. It is
therefore not far-fetched to conclude that we have within us a fluid that is
analogous to the waters of that primitive ocean from which all life sprang.
Mother Ocean is within us, surging and swelling with the waves and tides of our
emotions. Nat-m. is truly the mineral of our emotions, and when called for can
heal a broken heart.
Mother Ocean is not like Mother Nature. She is not like the apple tree,
which gives shade and bears fruit in abundance: a nurturing, protecting image.
Walk to the point of a rocky promontory, jutting out into the ocean, and gaze
down at the sea and rocks in conflict below. Cast your eyes out to sea on a
windy, heavily overcast day and look into the depths of your mother. She is
chill and forbidding.
Unlike Mother Nature the ocean is an aloof, impersonal and often harsh
mother. She does not cosset or spoil her children; she stands back and leaves
them to fend for themselves. She appears distant, cold and unfeeling and
applies discipline with uncompromising strictness and severity. To spare the
rod is to spoil the child. It is often the lot of the Nat-m. child to be born
into a family in which these qualities are valued
and applied; in which emotions are not expressed, sympathy and love are
not demonstrated, and a stiff upper lip is expected. The child is encouraged to
achieve independence without the sheltering warmth of maternal nurturing. There
is a lack of mothering. Paradoxically, this mother whose maternal instincts are
so repressed, is often herself manifesting a Mother Ocean archetype – Nat-m. or
Sepia.
The Nat-m. personality
The role of the mother figure is particularly critical in the healthy
development of the Nat-m. personality. There is a deep and often unfulfilled
need for the security and warmth of maternal love, protection and nurturing in
the Nat-m. being, with an inability or unconscious reluctance to solicit,
attract or accept the very sustenance they long for. The conditioning that it
is weak to reveal dependency and needfulness compounds this. As a result they
experience a sense of having been rejected or forsaken, left to their own fate,
and therefore feel that they must be unimportant, unworthy of love and
unlovable. In Nat-m. this conclusion is attended by a persistent, even
life-long feeling of resentment and grievance. There is no warmth in the
childhood memories of mother, possibly only an awareness of indifference,
criticism, harsh discipline and even neglect or abuse.
The “absence” of the mother may be experienced pre-natally if the mother
emotionally rejects the baby within her, or feels great disappointment when
being told the sex of the baby after a scan. A most important cause is when
incubation of the baby becomes necessary. This occurs at a time when bonding
with the mother is so vital. The infant perceives the mother as absent; however
good the supporting care it receives,
this cannot compensate or substitute for the lack of maternal nurturing,
warmth and love, which is so important to the Nat-m. child. Other causes of
“absence” may be due to failure to breast feed, illness of the mother, such as
postpartum depression, a working mother, or an indifferent mother who is too
busy with her own life to lavish affection and attention upon her newborn.
Boarding school is often as important as incubation, especially when the
separation from the family occurs in the primary school years. In the typical Nat-m.
household a child is not permitted to participate in decision-making,
explanations are not given and input from the child is not invited; the child
is expected to conform to parental wishes and emotionalism is frowned upon.
“Big boys don’t cry.” “Children must be seen and not heard.”
The family are not only undemonstrative and unemotional; they are also
often serious, conservative, proper, moral and principled. To be proper and
mature, all emotions must be controlled or hidden – there may be
no tears, no fears and no outer manifestations of longing, need, anger
or passion. This is a breeding ground for secrecy, deceit, guilt and abuse. In
such families there are often hidden and repressed emotions, which despite
appearances seethe and smoulder beneath the surface. Sexual abuse, incest and
rape are often the cause of severe emotional trauma in Nat-m.. Their upbringing
often leads to walling-up of the experience and secretiveness. They suffer
alone, in silence, turning to no one for help and taking on guilt and shame,
which can warp their emotional life forever.
Often there is a history of frequent quarrels and serious and traumatic
fights with parents, especially at the time of puberty when the Nat-m. ego is
expanding and asserting itself. This may lead to grievances that are harboured
for a lifetime. The death of a family member, often a beloved and supportive
grandparent early in the child’s life, can leave profound effects.
In the Biblical story of the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Lot’s
wife did not heed the warning, not to look back, as she fled with her husband
from the burning cities. She was turned into a pillar of salt.
This is the personal tragedy of the salt child and the salt adult. They
are constantly looking back, often unconsciously, at their past hurts, their
grief and their guilt. They cannot forgive others or themselves, they cannot
forget, let go or move on; their emotions and their unshed tears crystallise
into a pillar of salt, sometimes hidden deep within the unconscious mind, which
weighs them down and may crush them, unless they receive
a dose of salt in homeopathic potency. In myths, idioms and sayings, the
intuitive mind reveals its perception of these cryptic correspondences. So it
is that if you wish to prevent a bird from flying away, throw salt on its tail
– the bird being an emotion; if you want to freshen up and feel the pain of an
old wound, rub salt in it; if you wish to spare yourself the consequences of
having spilt salt – of having spilt an emotion, throw a pinch of salt over your
left shoulder – over and behind your heart!
Salt preserves and it retains – not only fluids, but also old emotions,
and unfortunately hoards them like a miser hoards his gold (and Aurum is so
similar). Like salt to the palate, Nat-m. given to a salt patient restores
their appetite and taste for life, and aids the digestion of life’s
tribulations.
If the salt energy of the body is increased, fluid retention results,
with lymphoedema, swelling of the subcutaneous tissues; panty, bra and sock
lines that remain forever; rings that no longer fit and a face that is puffy in
the morning; the dreaded cellulite appears; there is unwanted weight gain;
sebaceous glands become overactive producing oily hair and a greasy skin with
blackheads and acne; watery or milky discharges develop; the blood pressure
tends to rise, especially in the presence of prolonged stress and suppressed
emotions; and they may develop anaemia. Nat-m. is a wonderful remedy for people
who abuse the salt cellar, for those who even before tasting their food, powder
it liberally with salt. Never a wise thing to do! The Nat-m. subject may crave
salt and take it neat. As a result they often suffer from immoderate thirst and
drink prodigiously. Chocolate is another of their fancies, often used to pacify
them when tense, or as a reward when they have been through some ordeal. Others
simply cannot do without it, despite the fact that it increases their thirst
and their catarrh, and may give them a headache.
If the salt energy is diminished they become dried out, the skin appears
prematurely aged, withered, dry and scaly; the hair is dry, lustreless and
falls out alarmingly; the scalp is dry and produces large amounts of dandruff;
the face becomes hollowed and haggard; a crack may characteristically develop
in the middle of the lower lip; the lips and corners of the mouth become dry,
ulcerated and cracked; mucous membranes are dry and vaginal dryness may become
a problem, especially at the menopause. In women a growth of fine, downy hair
may appear along the sides of the face. They are very inclined to develop
recurrent fever blisters and mouth ulcers. They progressively lose weight even
though eating well, and often the weight loss is particularly about the face
and neck, which becomes scrawny, and about the shoulders, arms and chest,
whilst the lower body may remain rounded and full. Much to her discomfort, the Nat-m.
woman, may notice that her breasts have shrunk or lost their tone. They too
have increased thirst, and often an excessive hunger, which is satisfied after
only a few mouthfuls.
Others may show a mixed salt picture, with irregular distribution of
fluids; some parts having an excess production of fluid, such as watery eyes
and nose, others having a lack of fluid, such as dryness of the skin and hair,
or there may be swelling of the face and extremities with dry eyes and mouth.
They are also “the salt of the earth” – often the wounded healer, unable
to help themselves, but so able in counselling others. Unable to confide,
others readily confide in them, and find an understanding and compassionate
ear. They know what suffering is, they have experienced it themselves, and are
deeply and sincerely empathetic and give good advice. They feel very
responsible for the welfare of others. This sense
of duty and service may extend to animals and even become a global
concern for the sufferings of the world. They may sublimate their own grief by
caring for others. They disguise their pain by immersing themselves in the pain
of those they help. They are able to cry for others whilst finding it hard to
cry for themselves.
They need to appear strong, to show no weakness, but inside they are
exceedingly vulnerable and afraid of being hurt. Often there is a history of a
broken relationship, a love disappointment. Since that time they have never
permitted anyone to get too close to them emotionally. They will even avoid
getting into a position where someone might get attached to them. It is not the
attachment that they fear, but the outcome, which they anticipate with dread:
the end of the relationship, the betrayal, the disappointment, the terrible
loss, the grieving and the humiliation. In this we can fully understand the
symbolic significance of the “fear of robbers” in the psychology of Nat-m..
Their deepest fear is the violation and theft of their emotional trust and
happiness; by constantly “looking back” and by hanging on to the past they seek
to protect themselves from the present.
When you detect sadness in them, and imagine a tear in their eye, and
when in reply to your concern they avow that there is nothing wrong, take their
words with a “pinch of salt”. Schooled in self-control and the suppression of
emotions, they are uncomfortable with sympathy and avoid it lest it should
break down their composure and resolve. If pushed it may arouse them to anger.
Yet in Nat-m. there is always a silent solicitation for the love, sympathy and
nurturing that they possibly never received in their childhood or in their
marriage. With care and patience you may reach out and touch their wound. At
first they will avoid your eyes and remain silent, possibly gazing at their
hands which are tightly clenched or fiddling agitatedly with some object, and
then they will look up, their eyes wide and staring, as if in shock. At that
moment the floodgates of their suffering open. Suddenly their eyes are swimming
with tears and their body is racked by sobs, which seem to come from the depths
of their being. It is then that you may take them in your arms and comfort
them.