Galla
quercina ruber (Galla-qr) caused by Cynips calicis (=
Gallewespe)/= Knopper Oak Galls
Vergleich: Siehe: Gallen allgemein
Repertorium:
Gemüt: Abscheu gegen sich selbst
Albernes Benehmen
Angst (durch Erwartungsspannung)/Furcht (vor Infektion)
Aphasie
Argwöhnisch, misstrauisch (andere würden Pläne schmieden, ihn umzubringen/Menschen würden etwas verbergen, verstecken)/geheimnistuerisch, verschlossen
Erhöhte Bewusstheit
Einswerden, Vereinigung, Unio verlangt
Ekstase
Empfindlich
Euphorie/froh/Hochgefühl
Verlangt zu fahren, Autofahren [schnell (rücksichtslos und gleichgültig gegenüber den Konsequenzen)
Macht Fehler [bei Namen/schreibend (falsche Buchstaben, Zahlen/lässt Buchstaben aus)/Sprechend [Worte/benutzt falsche Worte]
ohne Gedanken; Gedankenleere/Gedanken vergehen, schwinden
Gefühllos, hart
Gesellschaft abgeneigt (vermeidet Anblick von Menschen/Anwesenheit von Frauen)/verlangt Gesellschaft
Gleichgültig, Apathie
Hass (auf die Menschheit)
Verlangt nach Hause zu gehen
Gewissenhaft, peinlich genau i.B. auf Kleinigkeiten/heikel, pingelig [i.B. persönliche Erscheinung (anderer Menschen)
Heimweh
Konzentration schwierig
Kichern/Lächeln möchte Menschen zum Lächeln zwingen/Lachen (verlangt zu lachen)
Langsam (alle anderen bewegen sich zu schnell)
Menschenfeindlich, Misanthropie
Monomanie (zu fotografieren)
Mutig/überstürzt, vorschnell, unüberlegt, unbesonnen/verwegen
Raserei, Tobsucht, Wut
Ruhelos
Schüchtern, zaghaft
Schweregefühl
Seelenruhe, gelassen (mit innerer Wärme)
Selbstvertrauenmangel (fühlt sich aber gut)
Sinne - abgestumpft, stumpf/scharf/Stumpfheit
Spaßen (erotisch/schwarzer Humor)
Tadelsüchtig, krittelig
Gedanken an den Tod
Traurig (nach Essen)
Ungeschickt
Unwirklich - alles scheint
„Wie verlassen“ - „Wie isoliert“
Verwirrt geistig (beim Versuch sich zu konzentrieren)
Wahnideen [Abgrund (an der Kante eines Abgrunds zu stehen)/sie würde aufgesaugt/unter einer dicken Bettdecke zu sein/sei empfindungslos/Strom von Energie von r. nach l./als ob erstickt (Brust sei von Luft aufgebläht)/Fliegen (als ob wegfliegt)/sei formlos, ohne Gestalt/sei zu sehr von Frauen umgeben/gehasst zu werden von anderen/sei getrennt von der Welt/habe keine Hände, als ob sie amputiert/Körper sei formlos/keine rechte Hälfte zu haben/Körper sei leichter als Luft/würde Menschen leersaugen/feuchter Nebel hängt über allem/Parasit zu sein/sei eine Perle aus einer langen Perlschnur, die im Weltall schwebt/wäre schwanger (beim Blick in einen Spiegel)/schweben [in der Luft/wie ein Drachen o. Ballon an einer Schnur/sieht Spinnweben/Steinstufen passen perfekt zusammen/wäre verbannt/alles was man berührt sei verunreinigt, kontaminiert/schwerer Vorhang würde zwischen ihr und den anderen hängen/eine schwere schwarze Wolke würde sie einhüllen/Bild eines schwarz gestrichenen Zauns]
Zeit scheint länger; vergeht zu langsam/scheint kürzer, vergeht zu schnell
Zorn (wird leicht, schnell zornig/platzt vor Zorn/plötzlich)
Zynisch
Schwindel: im Allgemeinen
Kopf: Bewegung ist schwierig
Wird nach vorne, hinten und nach r. gestoßen, aber nie nach l.
„Als ob Gehirn vom Schädel abgetrennt wäre, auseinander, abgetrennt getrennt“
Leeregefühl, „Wie hohl“
Schmerz [erwachend („Wie von einem Schlag“)/„Wie von einem Schlag“)/stechend/“Wie ein Ziehen“/Seitlich l. (stechend)]
Schweregefühl
Völlegefühl seitlich r.
Zusammenschnürung „Wie Band o. Reifen“
Steifheitsgefühl („Auf der Kopfhaut“)
Auge: Schmerz/Schweregefühl
Sehen: Farben vor den Augen - blau/bunt gescheckt, buntscheckig/schwarze Streifen/verändernd, wechselnd/Lichtstrahl mit einem schwarzen Streifen darin
Überempfindlich
Ohr: „Wie Hitze“ (r.)
Jucken im Gehörgang
Schmerz r. (stechend)
„Wie verstopft“/Völlegefühl (r.)
Hören: Schwerhörig
Nase: Geruch, Geruchssinn - überempfindlicher Geruchssinn (Blumen)
Gesicht: Jucken in Wangen
Spannung der Haut - „Als ob Eiweiß, Eiklar auf dem Gesicht eingetrocknet“
Mund: Schmerz - Zungenspitze (brennend)
Zähne: Schmerz (> Zusammenbeißen der Zähne)
Innerer Hals: „Wie anhaftend, klebrig“
Scharfes Kratzen
Schmerz (r./brennend/“Wie durch etwas Scharfes“
Magen: Angst
Appetit - fehlend morgens/Heißhunger/vermehrt (morgens)
Schmerz (brennend)
Rektum: Durchfall/Obstipation
Nieren: Schmerz
Blase: Wasser lassen unwillkürlich (< Lachen)
Männliche Genitalien: Empfindliche Eichel
Weibliche Genitalien: Menses dunkel
Metrorrhagie zwischen den Perioden
Schmerz in Uterus (reißend)
Kehlkopf und Trachea: Schmerz in Trachea (brennend)
Zusammenschnürung in Trachea
Atmung: Atemnot, Dyspnoe, erschwertes Atmen
Husten: im Allgemeinen
Zusammenschnürung in der Trachea
Brust: „Wie Hitze“/“Wie Leere“/„Wie vergrößert“
Zusammenschnürung im Herz
Beklemmung (abends < im Bett/< einatmend/Herz)
Herzklopfen
Schmerz [im Herzen (< Einatmen/stechend, durchstechend)/in Mammae (stechend)/in Schlüsselbeine erstr. Hand]
Schweiß (unter den Mammae)
Rücken: Kälte (einschließlich Frost) [l.]
„Wie durch einen Schlag“ im Zervikalregion erwachend
Schmerz (Lumbalregion)
Steifheit in Dorsalregion/Zervikalregion -r.
Glieder: Ameisenlaufen in Handgelenke
Ameisenlaufen in Handgelenke „Wie durch Fliegen“
Gefühllose, taube Finger morgens erwachend
Hautausschläge - Beine - Bläschen
Hitze in Hände (r./und kalte Füße)
Jucken in Knöchel (an einzelne Stellen)
Kälte (in Fingerspitzen/in Hände)
Pulsieren in Hände/Schläge, Erschütterungen
Schmerz [krampfartig/Arme/Beine/l. Hand/Handgelenke/Waden (krampfartig)]
Schwäche in Hände/in Unterarme
Steife Beine (r.)
Schlaf: Erwacht nach Mitternacht - 3 h - 3 - 4 h
Schlaflos (nach Zorn)
Schläfrig [mittags/nachmittags (15.30 h/16.30 h)]
Verlängert
Träume: Ballons/bedroht zu
werden/Beerdigungen/Bettdecken, die sich in einem Wäschetrockner
drehen/schneller Bewegung/Blumen/enge Orte, Plätze/erfolglose
Anstrengungen/schnell Fahren mit dem Auto; (aktiv, als Fahrer)/
gelb/purpurn, blaurot/Zimmer, das mit Federn gefüllt ist/Flüsse/sei
Fotografiert/Gefahr/Gefühl von Gefahr fehlt/Wurm kriecht aus der Stirn/macht
Gymnastikübungen/
ist heimatlos, ohne Zuhause (sucht nach einer Unterkunft)/keine Zimmer im Hotel/Kerzen/Kindern gehen verloren/Kirchen auf einem Schutthaufen/Unterwäsche/sei klein/(enge) Korridore, Hausflure/Krankenhäuser/Labyrinthe in kreisförmige Spirale o. Spinnennetz/nackte Brüste/Mord/Trommeln/nackte Menschen (Mann mit
vertrocknetem, verdorrtem Penis)/Nacktheit/nasse Orte/Pelzmäntel/Penis (geschrumpft)/weiß, wohin sie gehört, wo sie ihren Platz hat/Räuber, Diebe, Einbrecher/Reisen/
steckt jeweils Dinge einer Art in Säcke/Schlangen (ohne Angst)/Schmutzig (Orte, Plätze/zu sein)/Schwanger zu sein/Schwimmen/Soldaten aus Porzellan/Spinnweben/
(sich bewegende) Spiralen/große Sprünge/Ställe/alles bewegt sich in einem Strom von r. nach l./Tiere (gefährlich/schmutzig, dreckig)/Tod/traurig/Treppen/Überfall durchzuführen in einer Bücherei/Überschwemmung/Umzüge/unerinnerlich, bleiben nicht im Gedächtnis/von Polizei verfolgt zu werden/Vorhänge (die eine Abtrennung darstellen/dunkle/wehen nach oben/eine andere Welt, die dunkel und kalt ist/Zäune (und Mauern/schwarze)/nicht genug Zimmer/Zirkus
Frost: innerlich „Wie Kälte in den Knochen“
Haut: Ameisenlaufen „Wie durch Fliegen“
Jucken (in Flecken)
Kälte/“Wie Kälte“
Allgemeines: r. dann l.
Analgesie/gefühllos, taub innerlich
“Wie Hitze“ - l./“Wie innerlich“ + äußerlicher Kälte
Hitzewallungen # Frost/Lebenswärmemangel
> kaltes Baden/“Wie Kälte“ in den Knochen
Pulsieren innerlich
Ruhelos (> nachts)
Schmerz [r./stechend/in Gelenke (wandernd)in Muskeln]
Speisen und Getränke: Verlangt: (kaltes) Bier; >: kalte Getränke, kaltes Wasser;
Schwäche
verlangt Tabak
Themes:
Flying, Floating, Blown upwards.
Nakedness, Sexuality, Pregnancy.
Anger, Violence, Recklessness.
Insecurity, Ugliness, Criticized.
Homesickness, Homelessness, Lack of Space.
Emptiness, Old and Tired.
Curtain, Fence, Separation.
Ostracism and Exclusion.
Death, Black humour.
Quelle: Helios Homœopathic Pharmacy, Tunbridge Wells, Kent.
Repertory: [Misha Norland]
Mind: Anger (bursting with
anger/easily/sudden)/anxiety (from anticipating)/aphasia/audicity/awareness
heightened/awkward/censorious/cheerful/
Mind: Company (aversion to (avoids sight of people/company of
women/desires)/difficult concentration/self-confidence (wants/+ feels
good)/confused (trying to concentrate)/courageous/cynical/thinks about death
Mind: Delusions: standing at the edge of an abyss/ was one of a long
string of beads suspended in space/under a thick blanket/body is lighter than
air/floating in air (like a
ballooon)/flying („As if would fly away)/is shapeless/a heavy black cloud
enveloped her/sees cobwebs/desires to be connected/is not
connected/contaminates everything she touches/curtain - heavy curtain hangs
between her and others/chest (enlarged/hollow/empty)/image of a black painted
fence/has no hands/hated by others/wet mist hangs over everything/being numb/is
banished/is a parasite/is pregnant (looking in a mirror)/seperated from the
world/does not have a r. side/stairs of stones fitted perfectly together/energy
stream from r. to l./is being sucked up/is sucking people dry/“As if
suffocating“ (chest is blown up wirh air)/to much surrouded by women/driving
fast, reckless,
indifferent to consequences
Mind: Dull/extasy/euphoria/exhilaration/giggling/jesting
(black humour/erotic)/desire to laugh/wants to force people to
smile/fastitidious (about personal appearanceof others)/fears
infection//forsaken feeling/“As if isolated“/foolish/hatred (of humankind)/
„A sif heavy“/disires to go home/homesick/indifferent/loaths
self/misantrophy/makes mistakes [names/uses wrong words in speaking/writing
(omittng letters/wrong letters/wrong figures)]
Monomania (taking photographs)/rage/rash/restless/sad after
eating/secretive/senses acute (to minutest detail)/oversensitive/slow
(everybody else moves too fast)/
Suspicious (other people are hiding from him/people plotting against
him)/thoughts (vanishing/vacant)/time (passes too quickly, appears
shorter/passes too slowly appears longer)/
Timid/tranquil /serene calm (+ inner
warmth)/unfeeling/harthearted/everything seems unreal
Vertigo: in general
Head: Constriction „As from a band o. hoop/“As if
empty o. hollow“/Fullness r./heavy/Motions difficult/
Pains [„As from blows“ (on waking)]/pushed for- and backward and to the
side, never to the l.//“As if brain seperated from skull“/“As if stiff (on
surface)
Eye: heavy lids/pain
Vision: acute/colors before eyes (black in
stripes/blue/changing/variegated/white stream of light with a black streak in
it
Ear: „As if full“ (r.)/itching in meatus/pain/“as
if stopped“/“As if warm“ (r.)
Hearing: Impaired
Nose: Smell acute to odors/flowers
Face: Itchin on cheeks/Skin tense „As if egg white
is dried on it“
Mouth: Pain - burning on Tipp of tongue
Teeth: Toothache/> biting teeth together >
pain
Throat: „As if adhesive o. sticky“/pain/scratching
Stomach: Anxiety/appetite [increased
(morning/ravenous/wanting in morning)/pain burning
Rectum: Constipation/diarrhea
Bladder: Urination involuntarily (laughing)
Kidneys: Pain
Male genitalia/sex: Glans of penis sensitive
Female genitalia/sex: Menses dark/metrorrrhagia between
menses/pain tearing in uterus
Larynx and trachea: Constriction in trachea/pain burning trachea
Respiration: Difficult
Cough: In general/from constriction in
trachea/constriction/“As if empty“/“As if enlarged“/oppession (evening in
bed/inhaling/heart)/pain (Clavicle ext. hand /heart
[on inspiration)/stitching (heart/mammae)]/palpitation of
heart/perspiring (under mammae)/sensation of warmth
Back:
sensation as from a blow in cervical region on waking/cold (l.)/pain
(lumbar region)/stiff (cervical region r./ Dorsal region
Extremities: cold (hands/finger Tipps)/Lower limbs vesicles/Formication
[wrist („As from flies“)]/
Heat [hand (r./+ cold feet)]/itching ankle in spots)/numb finger morning
on waking/Pain [upper limbs/weist/hand l./lower limbs/cramping (calf of leg)]
Pulsating in hand/shocks/[stiff (lower limbs (r.)]/weak (forearm/hand)
Sleep: prolonged/sleepy (noon/afternoon - 15.30
h./16.30 h.)/s h.leepless/waking after midnight 3 h. - 4
Dreams: Animals (dangerous/dirty)/balloons/she knows
where she belongs/naked breasts/worm climbing out of the forehead/penis
(shriveled)/canles/lost
children/circus/underwear/conwebs/purple/yellow/corridors (narrow)/curtains
(blowing upwards/dark/seperating)/danger (from animals7lacks sense of danger/
by gang of teenaged drug abusers)/death/driving a fast car/room filled with
feathers/fences (and walls/black)/flood/flowers/funerals/fur coats/performing
gymnastic exercises/homeless (looking for accommodation)/hospitals/no room at
the hotel/journeys/jumping with great leaps/labyrinth/of moving/murder/drumming
music/nakedness/naked people (man
with dried up penis)/taking photographs/damp, dirty, narrow places/being
pregnant/pursued by police/robbers/robbing a library/not enough room/putting
things all of one
kind in sacks/sad/sheets circling in a drying machine/snakes (without fear)/porcelain
soldier/spirals (moving)/stairs/everything moving in a stream from r. to l./
swimming/unremembered/rivers/another world that is dark and cold
Chill: Internal coldness „As if in the bones“
Skin: Cold/“As if cold“/formication „As from
flies“/itching (spots)
Generals: Analgesia/> cold bathing/feeling cold in
bones/foods and drinks [Desires: beer (cold)]; >: cold drinks;
Heat [flushes (# chills)/lack of vital heat/“As if heat“ (l./internal
heat + external coldness)]/numb
Pain (r./wandering in joints/muscles/stitching)/pulsation
internally/restless (> night)/r. then l./desires Tab./weak
‡ spherical in
appearance and develop as a foreign body on a plant. Oak apples develop when a
gall wasp lays
its eggs in the vegetative cone of a gall-oak bud. A
hollow spherical form develops around the larva over a
6-month period. The cavity wall is covered with
relatively thick oily nutrient layers that are slowly consumed by the insect.
Thick layers of parenchymatous cells containing tannins and calcium oxalate
develop on the outside. The tannin content is 25 - 45%. The almost fully
developed insect gnaws a straight passage through the chamber wall and hatches.
Gall is a kind of fertilization of a
plant principle by an animal principle, and the oak responds by producing
a uterus-like hollow organ, the oak
apple. An astral principle coming from an animal interpenetrates with an
etheric principle in the plant, and they condition one another. The whole
process may serve as an image of the way tannins stimulate the astral body to
extend its activity to the ether body. ‡
Wirkung: adstringent
Allerlei: Dysentery/diarrhoea/cholera. Externally: painful
haemorrhoids/haemorrhage from nose and gums.
Dust of oak bark was considered effective
against consumption, a disease that tanners were particularly immune to.
[Misha
Norland]
Common name : Oak Galls
Read full proving: Oak Galls
(Andricus Quercuccalicis)
About the Plant
Andricus quercuscalicis is a gall wasp species inducing knopper galls. It is a
mass of green – yellowish, that is ridged, with sticky plant tissue on the bud
of the oak, breaking out as the gall between the cup and the acorn. It is
a rigid out growth on the acorn; they are sticky and red, later becoming woody
and brown.
Source and Description
Andricus quercuscalicis is a gall wasp species inducing knopper galls. These
develop from a chemically induced distortion of growing acorns on pedunculate
oak trees caused by gall wasps, which lay their eggs in the buds. Gall wasps
are part of the family from the order Hymenoptera, which are classified with
the Apocrita suborder of wasps in the larger family Cynipoidea. Their common
name derives from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. The
gall provides developing gall wasps with a safe refuge during the most
vulnerable time of their life cycle. Using their ovipositor they bore through
the gall and lay their egg on the gall maker. The larva of most gall wasps
develop in the plant galls where they induce themselves. The plant galls
develop after the female lays her eggs. There is no known evidence that
explains inducement for the formation of the gall, however many speculate that
there are chemical, mechanical and viral triggers. When the larva is hatched it
is nourished by the nutritive tissue of the galls, in addition to it providing
a protective cover from the external environmental factors.
The
host plants and the shape and size of the galls are specific to the majority of
the gall wasps, where as the various types of oak trees have 70% of the known
species. These wasps live prominently as gall formers on oak trees. The gall
produced can greatly reduce the reproduction of the oak host, making the gall
potentially a threat to the reproduction of the tree.
The
word Knopper comes from the German word ‘Knoppe’ meaning a flat cap or helmet
that was worn during the 17th Century.
History
In 1735 the turkey oak was introduced into Britain and was required for the
completion of the gall life cycle. Andricus quercuscalicis is a small gall wasp
that obligates two-phase life cycle on pedunculate and turkey oak. This species
as alternate sexual and parthenogenesis generations, developing in spring as
small conical galls that form on male catkins of the turkey oak.
Woodway
Gardens in Devon are hosts to both species, and were the first to send off
research specimens of both life cycles stages. It had spread from Southern and
Eastern Europe over the duration of 400 years. It came to Devon from the
continent via the Channel Islands, appearing to arrive naturally crossing the English
Channel on high altitude wind currents. During 1979 Andricus
quercuscalicis became out of control with a population increase, causing grave
concerns that it would affect acorn fertility and affecting the future of
England’s most ionic tree.
Knopper
galls were first noted in Canonbie in southern Scotland in 1995, with their
distribution often restricted to old country and urban estates. The acorns
develop normally during the summer and are replaced by the gall growth, with
the knoppers becoming woody and brown in early autumn, where they fall from the
tree and the adult sexual female gall wasp merges through a vent at the top of
the gall in spring.
Medicinal
Galls are used commercially in the preparation of gallic and tannic acid. They are used in
tanning and dyeing for the manufacture of ink. They are a powerful astringent used as
tincture internally in cases of dysentery, diarrhoea, cholera, in addition to
being given as an injection for gonorrhoea and leucorrhoea. Preparations of
gall are applied as
a
local astringent externally, commonly as an ointment applied to painful
haemorrhoids. It can also be used to gargle on enabling it to relax the throat
and soothe inflamed tonsils.
Folklore/Mythology
Oak is the best known and loved of English trees they can live for up to 500
years, with some be established to be 100 to 200 years old. Pedunculate means
‘stalked’ and refers to acorns, that grow on long stalks. Quercus is
thought to come from the Celtic ‘Quer’ that means ‘fine’’ and ‘cues’ meaning
tree. The common name oak derives from the Anglo Saxon ‘old norse’ which means
‘fruit’ or ‘acorn’. In folklore oak was held in high esteem
throughout Europe, and was held with high regard and respect in association
with supreme gods of the Greek, Roman, Celts, Slavs, and Teutonic tribes.
Druids held their rites and worshipped in oak groves, the term druid is seen to
mean ‘men of the oaks’ derived from the Gaelic term ‘duir’ meaning oak.
Oak crown leaves were worn by ancient kings
to symbolise the gods that they represented on earth. This high regard for oak
held by the Celts filtered through to Christian religion, many pre historic
churches were built near the sites of pagan oak groves. Carvings of oak
leaves, acorns and galls can be found in many parish churches, and in most of
our English cathedrals, often they are hidden away under misericords or high in
the roof. Celts believe that oak has significant power to preserve youth, to
protect from lightening, and can cure toothache, bruised leafs were used to
heal wounds.
Oak
was used also in the tanning of leather and for making of dyes of various
colours when mixed with other substances. Acorns were a traditional food for
pigs over the course of many centuries, however they have also been used to
supplement human food, especially in times of shortage, being dried and ground
into flour or made into a coffee substitute.
Astrological
According to Celtic astrology from the Druid and Ogham properties, Celtic tree
astrology is based on the ancient idea that the time of births is pivotal to
the formation of our behaviour and personality. The oak tree is seen as the
stabilizer and those born under this tree are seen to have a special gift of
strength.
They
are described as protective people, and will speak out for those who feel they
do not have a voice. The Oak tree is defined as a crusader that is nurturing,
generous and helpful and is seen as a gentle giant among the Celtic zodiac
signs. Those under this sign will be confident and positive; they like
structure, often going to great lengths to gain the feeling of control. Living
long and happy lives, enjoying family, and social/community time.
Vorwort/Suchen Zeichen/Abkürzungen Impressum