Schlangen
Anhängsel
[Konstantinos Pisios]
Snakes in general
Powerful, fascinating, frightening, intelligent, noticeable . Draw us
towards them yet repel us. The UNDERWORLD* - snakes and drugs move us from the earth
to the underworld vs. birds, trees move from earth to sky. This dynamic
movement is important in understanding how snake remedies are expressed.
So many animals have the power to kill - elephants, lions, wolves, yet
the snake's venomous nature makes it different.
It brings death - silent, remorseless, unseen, and destructive.
Snakes and Eating
A snake, poisonous or not, swallows its prey in its entirety and its
sharp gastric juices dissolve everything, hair, teeth and bones. All snakes are
carnivorous, eating small animals, birds, eggs, or insects - some snakes kill
their prey by constriction resulting in death by strangulation - they do not
chew their food.
Neck and Eyes of snakes
Attract or draw attention to their NECK
= weak spot (won't wear open collars - can't wear a tie or necklace)
Their neck is used to: DEFEND, DIGEST, SWALLOW
Eyes: hypnotize, pierce
Snakes as predators
HUMANS: Most efficient and widespread snake predator. Effective
predators:usually succeed by first exhausting snake.Cannot keep up active
movements for long because: "cold-blooded" (ectothermic).
Predators circle and irritate the snake into making frenzied defense
postures. When the snake becomes tired, the predator will kill it with a bite
to its neck.
Snake senses
Smell, taste, direction, distance, movement, vibrations; heat sensors in
boa, python and pit vipers
Movement of snakes
Snakes can be very fast in their movement eg Black Mamba. Their striking
can be faster than we can see - yet there's something lazy about them. The way
they slither seems
so effortless. Smooth scales - no friction. Almost appear to move by
supernatural forces. Most snakes move downwards into the earth. Some climb
trees and can lift off the ground.
Sexuality of the snake
Phallic shape: associated with sexuality and power of sex. The power is
female in nature eg Cleopatra - Can represent the power of the female over the
male through sexuality - 'A feminine Seductiveness' (male sexuality represented
more in spiders)
Venom information
Complicated compared to other animals - contain several types of toxins:
1) Necrotoxins - cause necrosis and breakdown
of tissue (ulcers in diabetes)
2) Hemotoxins - prevent coagulation of blood
and cause hemorrhaging
3) Neurotoxins - cause paralysis of lungs &
heart - most FATAL.
Constrictors without venom cause this same kind
of paralysis in their prey!
As a result people cut open the wound, & suck out the venom
Babies and reproduction of snakes
Snakes reproduce both by laying eggs and by producing living ones
hatched inside their body. The young ones are usually abandoned. Parental care
is absent so far as the young are concerned, but a few species guard the eggs
during incubation (Crot-h and Crot-c), and the
female python actually broods them (can see suffocation of the young)
Cyclical nature of snakes
Snakes can form a perfect circle with its body & usually rests in
the form of a coil
The snake is associated with cyclical nature of time, seasons & the
need for death and rebirth. Many snake bites will cause some return of symptom
a year later at the same site of the bite
Snakes and healing
The power to heal, poison or provide expanded consciousness through
divine intoxication.
Often considered a wise animal, connected to afterlife and immortality.
This staff gave Hermes - God of magic, power to forbidden places like
the underworld. Therefore became a symbol of the art of healing and medicine.
Snake remedy features
S = Sensitivity to their environment
Their understanding of people has an EMOTIONAL component to it. But
usually not empathetic.Weather, temperature, allergens, food colorings
S = Selfish, usually concerned mostly for themselves. The tend to use
their knowledge and power to put themselves ahead and others at a disadvantage.
Periodicity of the snake
Its cyclical nature - periodicity in its symptoms. ANNUAL PERIODICITY -
symptoms returning every year - can be common to snake remedies GENERALITIES;
Periodicity every year - 7 snakes remedies in this rubric. Some will have
periodicity in every day, every week, every fortnight
Snakes and change
Aversion to Change - change can be threatening to them (temperature/weather)
Any new change or new situation can aggravate their symptoms e.g.
hormonal actions are very distressing to them. Therefore likely to aggrevate
during puberty, menopause, menses, pregnancy, delivery, new job/school; esp
menopause where sexual power tends to decrease
Snakes and sleep
Snake remedies are much < on waking and going to sleep 'Sleeping into
their symptoms'. Some snakes hibernate for 9 months...Not in good shape when
they wake up!
> as they day progresses
Snake themes
The need is to survive in a competitive world. Contrary to belief, they
prefer to AVOID retaliation/revenge even when provoked, instigated or
threatened in the first instance (retaliation makes them feel dirty/guilty).
1st: act aggressive & intimidate & give attacker a
chance to back off, but if not heeded: retaliation is deadly, lethal &
complete. Survival depends on camouflage - fake it til they make it - will not
own up to something/deceitful. Snake patients attempt to stay ahead in the
jealous, manipulative, deceitful world. Deadly instinct is well camouflaged in
shy, secretive - attempting to please or highly moral
behaviour. Their awareness of the dangerous world is heightened by their
clairvoyant abilities.
Other themes of snake
Like the animal remedies it has themes of attempting to get attention
through music, dance, sex, good clothes & money.The other themes :
Abusive, Cursing , Alcohol / Smoking, Fear or Sexual Abuse, Aversion
& Fear of Cats, Dependence & Independence, Strong & Weak, Fear
Ghosts
When situation of provocation is too much they often express it as
Insanity / Madness
Common themes of snake
Jealousy, Pursued feeling, chased, Persecuted/suspicious, Beaten,
injured
Wronged/deceit/betrayed, Constriction, Choke, Speech, Tongue, Poisoned,
Amorous, desire attention, Attractiveness
Animals, Loquacious, taciturn, Aggression or rage, Clairvoyance,
knowledge. Horror, death. Suddenness, Anxiety (chest/HT)
Frightful dreams of, Duality/Split/ 2 wills
Animals, death, Fear of being alone
Loquacity, Restlessness, Sadness, despair, forsaken, Ailments from
anticipation, Malice, Venom, One sided, Seduction/sexuality.
General animal themes
SURVIVAL - *CONFLICT FROM SPLIT WITHIN SELF (Human vs Animal side)
COMPETITION - JEALOUSY - VICTIM/AGGRESSOR, - SEX/REPRODUCTION - ATTRACT
ATTENTION - HIERARCHY
Human side of animals
contempt for the animal within.; Affected by disappointments in love;
Disappointments in performance ; Sensitive to being looked down upon; Sensitive
to being attacked.
Common ss/sxs of snakes
Choking suffocation, constriction, intolerance to collars. Throat and
swallowing Sxs, Hemorrhage (dark, passive), epistaxis; Paralysis, pain,
neurological symptoms; Cardiac symptoms, angina, arrhythmia. Hypertension;
Left-sided symptoms (Lach, Naja); Right sided symptoms (Crotalus horridus and
cascavella, Elaps)
Colours: Black, Blue, Red, Yellow.
[Dr Manish Panchal]
Common to all snakes;
Choked/ suffocation, intolerance of constriction in any form, egotism,
deceit/ slyness/ manipulation, competition, jealousy, suspicion,
attractiveness, venomous/ malicious, loquacity, fear or dream or fascination
for snakes.
I have also observed that all snakes are complaining, sentimental/
sympathetic, weeping after slight emotion. At the same time when persecuted
they become venomous/ malicious.
Lazy (snakes are lazy creatures they hunt only when they require food)
and > discharges.
Elaps is known as the most beautiful snake by snake lovers. In addition
to common snake-features it has its own peculiar characteristics physically and
mentally.
Physicals:
1. Chilly, desire for oranges, banana, salads, sweets, sour, milk (also
aversion), ice, sweetened buttermilk; Aversion to meat, milk and < fruits.
2. Right sided, blackish discharges, headache from fasting and if hunger
is not appeased at once. Violent thirst, coldness in the chest after
drinking/coldness in the stomach after cold drinks/ fruits.
3. Dreams: falling from high place into a pit / abyss, dead persons,
business.
Mentals:
1. They are playful, artistic, creative and fascinated by beauty of
nature (greenery, rains, walking barefooted on grass). Love of colors, music
and appear less confident.
They love to travel.
2. They want to stay away from the hustle and bustle of cities. Away
from crowds so they escape to the countryside, but at the same time they are
afraid of being alone because they feel something terrible is going to happen.
Fear of robbers, rowdies breaking in their house injuring them, or an
apprehension that their disease is going to be fatal and then they desire
company.
3. Desire to reach high and then fear of falling down from that high
place.
Schlangen können zum Leben den Mensch folgen. Scheu. 50% aller
Verteidigungsbisse sind ungiftig. Gift = Nervengift, blockiert Acetylcholin
Urenergie als Basis des Lebens/Bewusstseins, Lebenswillen/Maya/verführt den Mensch, Bewusstsein = verdrängen des Triebkraft = Spaltung des harmonischen Ganzes = Psora
‡ Folgendes hat
anthroposofische Einschlüße ‡.
[Massimo Mangialavori]
Bei diesen Mitteln kommen häufig einseitige Symptome vor. Es ist nicht so wichtig, welche Seite betroffen ist. Es scheint einfach, als ob die eine Seite des Körpers völlig gesund und die andere vollkommen krank sei. Alles hat 2 Seiten – wie bei Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde.
Schlangen haben oft eine klare Wahrnehmung von ihren 2 Seiten. Diese 2 Seiten stehen nicht in Konkurrenz zueinander, so als würde die eine Seite dahin ziehen und die andere dorthin (wie bei Anacardium). Es ist eher ein klares Gefühl, dass es zwei Möglichkeiten gibt, das Leben wahrzunehmen. Es ist, als wenn alles, was man sieht, per Definition auch eine dunkle Seite hat. Sie wissen,
um gesund zu werden, muss man diese dunkle Seite anerkennen und integrieren. In gewissem Maße muss auch die dunkle Seite gelebt werden.
Der körperliche Aspekt: in ihrem Körper drückt sich oft etwas Gespaltenes aus, als ob sich die beiden Seiten des Körpers in verschiedenen Zuständen befänden.
Das Problem ist nicht, was ist besser oder schlimmer oder dass sie miteinander kämpfen. Im Gegenteil, sie haben das Gefühl, dass die Wahrheit darin liegt, diese Zustände zusammenzuführen und
zu vereinen. Bevor man nicht diese beiden Seiten zusammenbringt, kann man keine integrierte Persönlichkeit entwickeln und das angestrebte Ziel nicht erreichen.
Der Patient gebraucht oft Ausdrücke, die sehr ichbezogen wirken. Das Hauptanliegen ist die Entwicklung seiner Person - das ist das Wichtigste. Andere Menschen schaffen nur das Umfeld für ihn als eine Art Werkzeug, welches ihm erlaubt, das zu erreichen, was er will.
Jede andere Art von Beziehung wird als eine Art von Konkurrenz angesehen. „Ich muss gewinnen oder ich werde verlieren.“ Es dreht sich immer um das Problem, wer wird der Erste sein!
Sehr oft fühlen sich diese Patienten als Opfer von Verrat. Für sie geht es bei einer Beziehung zu anderen Menschen hauptsächlich um die Frage der Macht. „Wer ist der Mächtigste?“ Wenn sie
das Gefühl haben, dass ihnen jemand anderes überlegen ist, benehmen sie sich so, dass es völlig klar ist, dass der andere stärker ist. Sie tun dann alles Mögliche, um sich gut mit dieser Person zu stellen, um bei nächst bester Gelegenheit genau dieser Person ihren Sitz zu stehlen. Sie können es nicht ertragen, in Konkurrenz mit jemandem zu stehen, also brechen sie die Beziehung ab, indem
sie die Person meiden und sich von ihr zurückziehen.
Meistens sind diese „Schlangen“ in machtvollen Positionen. Sie wissen sehr gut, wie man erfolgreich wird. Um diese Position zu erreichen, ignorieren sie andere wichtige emotionale Aspekte ihres Lebens. Dies findet sich oft bei übertrieben ehrgeizigen Personen, die genau wissen, was sie wollen und wie sie ihr Ziel erreichen können. Wenn diese Strategie nicht mehr funktioniert, geraten diese Menschen in die Dekompensation.
Es ist bekannt, dass Schlangen eine große Fähigkeit haben zu verführen. Aber um welche Art von Verführung handelt es sich? Welches ist das Ziel dieser Verführung?
Wenn sie Schutz suchen, werden sie sich wie ein Baby benehmen, um die anderen dazu zu verführen, sich um sie zu kümmern. Das sehen wir bei jungen Kätzchen und Hunden.
In unserem Fall dreht es sich um jemanden, der klug und gut erscheinen möchte.
Diese Sache mit dem spirituellen Weg finden wir oft bei diesem Mittel. Sie schlagen oft einen etwas unkonventionellen, spirituellen Weg ein, etwas mit dem sich nicht so viele Menschen identifizieren.
Dies schafft eine Art exklusives Umfeld.
In einigen Religionen und Kulturen findet man das Urbild der Schlange. Meistens wird es assoziiert mit Wissen und Weisheit. Es geht aber mehr um Sachkenntnis als um den Glauben. Selbst
in unserer Kultur ist eine Schlange nicht jemand, der eine hohe Position erreicht, weil er an etwas glaubt. Er erreicht sie, weil er etwas weiß. Es ist eine Frage von Wissen und Macht.
Während die Crotaliden (Lach./Crot-h./Crot-s./Both-l./Cenchris) im Allgemeinen eher egozentrisch sind, treten die Elapiden (Naja/Elaps/Dendroaspis polylepis) oft mit einer eher unsicheren Persönlichkeit auf. Innerhalb der Elapiden unterscheiden sich dann Naja und Elaps auch noch einmal im Hinblick auf die Art, wie sie die jeweilige Unsicherheit zum Ausdruck bringen. Oft kann
man Elaps mit Mitteln verwechseln, die für ihre offensichtliche Schüchternheit bekannt sind wie etwa Puls. Naja kann auch sehr oft mit den für Sil. typischen Symptomen auftreten.
Allen: „Nervöses chronisches Herzklopfen, besonders nach Sprechen in der Öffentlichkeit.“
Zwiespalt und Zweifel sind typische Aussagen. Eine Axt, die den Kopf spaltet, ein perfektes Spaltungssymbol, taucht des Öfteren in Zusammenhang mit Naja auf.
[Karl-Josef Müller] Eine Naja-Patientin verwendete das Wort hirnrissig. Die Spaltung zeigt sich v.a. als Konflikt zwischen den eigenen Wünschen und inneren
Impulsen, sowie den Forderungen/Wünschen (= Pflichten) anderer.
[T.F. Allen] Prüfsymptom: Ich hatte das Gefühl, dass alles, was ich tat, falsch war und nicht wieder gutgemacht.
Frei nach: Friedwart Husemann, M.D.
Lach.feels uneasy/cannot bear tight-fitting bands
(collars/belts/brassieres). It is not uncommon for them to feel that there is
PRESsure inside. > Discharges which may be said to relieve that pressure
(headache > with the onset of menses). Mostly left sided. Lach. addresses
the heart, just as more r.-sided drugs tend to address the liver.
< from sleep is an important Lach. keynote. Lach. go to bed in a
condition that is bearable and wake up with dreadful
palpitations/headache/paresthesia of the arms.
Key: 'Sleeps into the aggravation'. Concerning the psychology,
'loquacity' is a common sign. An exaggerated desire to communicate denotes a
certain lack of stability.
< heat/sun/hot room. Often proved life-saving in serious septic
conditions.
What do the following five symptoms represent?
- constriction
- left-sidedness
- < from sleep
- loquacity
- < from heat
Comparison: Reptilia: snakes, lizards, turtles,
crocodiles.
Similarity Between the Picture Presented in Nature and the Drug Picture
Snakes are evidence of nature's power to narrow down the expansiveness
that is characteristic of birds. Lach. patients become like this when they feel
constricted, when symptoms are ameliorated from discharges that relieve the
constriction. This may be seen as a first link between the powers of nature
that have produced snakes in the outside world, and the medicinal powers that
snake venom develop within human beings.
The elongated body form of snakes is responsible for one-sidedness also
in other respects. Snakes that still have rudiments of a shoulder and a pelvic
girdle ( thus indicating their relationship to 4-footed animals ( have both a r. and a l. lung. Higher snakes
have not even the rudiments of limbs and no l. lung. In humans, the l. lung has
2 lobes while the r. lung has 3 (l. lung shows regression).
Compared to humans, the extreme to be seen in snakes is that the heart
is entirely limited to the l. side of the body and the lung to the r. The
actual situation is that the 2 organs extend lengthways in front, beside and
behind one another, but compared to the human anatomy the aforesaid may
nevertheless be said to be true. It immediately explains the l.-sidedness that
is a prominent feature in the drug picture of Lach. and the connection with the
heart.
Birds conquer all dimensions of space in their flight; snakes have to
move horizontally on the ground because they have no legs. No other animal
shows the horizontal direction of the animal backbone as clearly as a snake
does. Human beings on the other hand have assumed the vertical position, though
this applies only when they are in daytime consciousness. In sleep, humans,
too, must assume the horizontal position of the animal backbone. In sleep,
humans are in the same position as snakes. Hence the characteristic symptom
'< from sleep', 'sleeps into the aggravation'.
Snake Venom
So far we have limited ourselves to the things snakes have had to give
up compared to other animals: legs/ears/l. lung. Nature economizes to gain
savings/every loss represents a gain.
What do snakes gain from all those regressions? Mainly venom production.
Snake venoms are highly complex proteins/produced in oral and parotid salivary glands and injected into the victim
through poison fangs. The method of application is important, for taken by the
oral route snake venoms are nontoxic, being digested like other proteins.
Mineral poisons [arsenic/plant poisons (chemically more complex) toxic if taken
orally]. Animal poisons are usually highly complex proteins, and generally
speaking, their chemical structure is not yet fully known (indicating their
complex nature).
The skeleton of a snake's head is highly mobile, and this applies
particularly to the bones of the mouth. This mobility reaches its maximum in
venomous snakes where the upper jaw carrying the poison fang can be tilted
forward by an angle of 90°. Thus we see what snakes have gained in losing their
limbs: the teeth have become highly mobile organs of motion in two respects,
firstly in outer mobility and 2ndly through the poison fang becoming the
efferent duct of a gland.
Let us return to comparison with birds. Something quite different comes
to expression in a dry beak opened in song than in venomous saliva ejected
through a tooth. These are serious matters, yet there is a certain humour to
the way they present in the drug picture. The keynote 'loquacity', the
exaggerated desire to communicate shown by Lach. patients, needs to be seen in
this context, for the snake carries its venom in the mouth. We may also connect
the symptom of excessive loquacity with the improvement from discharges that
has already been mentioned. A Lach. patient's migraine may improve with the
onset of menses, and the same patient relieves the excess pressure in her soul
through the ceaseless flow of talk. When a snake discharges venom this, too, is
like using a safety valve for the many restrictions and economies that these
animals have taken upon them.
The Pit as a Sence Organ for Heat
Snakes have an extraordinarily acute sense of smell which they use to
detect and pursue their prey. Pit vipers, and Lach. is one of these, have an
additional organ, the 'pit'. This is a hollow space between nose and eye that
is covered with a thin, slightly depressed, membrane [only 1/100 mm thick with
a rich supply of much-branched free nerve endings (1000/mm 2 ) deriving from
the 5th cranial nerve].
The pits enable the snake to perceive the heat radiated by its prey.
Temperature differences as small as 0.003° C will cause nerve stimulation, and
a pit viper is able to perceive the heat radiating from the palm of a human
hand at a distance of half a meter. The most highly developed venomous snakes
have created a sense organ for heat. The structure has some similarity to the
primitive cup-like eyes of some lower animals, but an even better comparison is
with the ear drum and tympanic cavity. There, too, a sensitive membrane is
stretched over a cavity or pit. The middle ear that is lacking in all other
snakes has re-emerged as an organ for the perception of heat in the pit vipers.
These snakes therefore show the great sensitivity to heat that also appears in
the drug picture of Lach.: '< from heat'/'does not tolerate heat in any
form' ('climacteric hot flushes').
From Drug Picture to Drug Intuition
The five cardinal symptoms we have been discussing show a striking
similarity to the special physiological features of snakes. Up to this point
our approach has consisted in explaining the drug picture on the basis of what
presents in nature. Those symptoms (constriction, l.sidedness, < from sleep,
loquacity, < from heat) are pathological in humans but physiological in
snakes.
'Every animal, if we consider it in the r. way, represents a disease. In
the animal the disease may be said to be normal.' (R.S.). So far we have
considered human pathology in connection with the snake.
We do not have to stop at this. Birds, the opposite of snakes, also
represent a particular pathological process in that their physiological
temperature is 41- 44° C. Snakes are in opposition to this 'bird pathology' and
thus become medicinal in this respect. At this point, therapeutic action is no
longer motivated by empirical observation but by thought, and that is 'drug
intuition'. It is evident that homeopathic drug pictures as well as
anthroposophical drug intuitions are open to rational clarification.
Birds enhance the heat process to one of continuous fever: they are
always giving off heat and this makes them homeothermic, like humans. Birds are
environment-orientated; their migrations circle the whole globe. Birds
essentially appear to relate to a spreading, actively produced heat principle
involving passive perception.
Snakes are poikilothermic and have a limited habitat; their sense of
heat is concentrated in a pit between nose and eye.
Venomous snakes thus represent the essence of a natural power that
contracts the heat principle, localizing it in a single organ. As physicians we
utilize this natural power when we give Lach. in the treatment of febrile
diseases. Patients who have a fever enter into bird nature, as it were, and
this has to be countered with the essential nature of venomous snakes, so that
the human being can freely find his own level somewhere between the excessive
heat production of birds and excessive passive heat perception of snakes.
The upright Serpent
When a patient's fever is healed with snake venom, a balance is
established between feverish bird nature and poisonous snake nature; this
balance could not be achieved unless there was disease, or in other words the
human being.
The snake which in nature progresses horizontally is able to heal the
human being with its venom; it thus attains to the upright position in the
human being. Or else we may say that the medicinal action helps the human being
from
his horizontal sick bed to the vertical position. Such a view gives a
new understanding of ancient symbols. Moses set up a brazen serpent in the
desert, and anyone who looked on that serpent did not die of the bite of the
fiery serpents. Since then, however, evolution has progressed, as is also
evident in this particular case. When human beings fall ill they assume the
characteristics of a process in outer nature. A successful healing process, on
the other hand, means that a certain natural process (snake venom) assumes
human characteristics. Every process in nature therefore reveals a gesture full
of healing intent for man. We see signs here of a macrocosmic human being who
is poured out in nature and holds all healing principles within him. This is
the world's redeemer who said to Nicodemus: 'And as Moses lifted up the serpent
in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That whosoever
believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.' (John 3. 14-15). In
Moses' day, the upright serpent was a brazen one and the fiery serpents could
kill. Since the turning-point of time the upr. serpent has itself become a
symbol of healing that will tame the fire and can show us the way from the
pathological symptoms in human beings to the healing principles in nature.
Snake venoms are highly complex
proteins/produced in parotid. and salivary. glands and injected into the victim through
poison fangs. Method of application is important, for taken by the oral route
snake venoms are nontoxic, being digested just like other proteins.
Frei nach: JJ Kleber
Schlangen allgemein:
Fraser: empfindSAM gegenüber ihrer Umwelt (Würgeschlagen empfindlich gegen physikalische Umwelt/Giftschlangen gegen soziale Beziehungsumwelt) verstehen Schlangen die anderen durch Empfinden + clairvoyant und durch Hören-Sagen (Spinnen kennen die anderen durch Beobachtung); äußerst selbstbezogen beziehen + benutzen sie aber alles Empfundene für + auf sich (nur Naja fühlt verantwortlich gegenüber andere).
Mangalavori: zusätzlich zu hohem Narzismus (will besonderes sein/oft eitel) haben Schlangen ein sehr besitzergreifende Art und fühlen sich so auch schnell ausgenutzt/betrogen/eingeengt durch Partner/Gesellschaft; sie meinen immer zu kurz zu kommen und versuchen durch Verführung (Sex, Wissen, u.s.w) das Besondere zu bekommen was ihrer Exklusivität zusteht (Macht/Größe/Schönheit)
Richter: da sich Schlangen schnell verlassen + ungeliebt (Kälte) fühlen (wegen Bindungsstörung)/agieren (teils auch gewalttätig) + verführen sie (teils theatralisch), um den gewünschten Kontakt zu halten o. zu bekommen; die gestörte emotionale Kommunikation kommt durch emotionalen Mangel in der Kindheit (keine sicherer Basis 1 - 3. Lebensjahr durch kühle Eltern, zu wenig o. emotionslose Zuwendung); kann die bei hoher Sensitivität aufgenommenen Sinneseindrücke nicht als empfundene Gefühle eingeordnet werden, kommt es zu desorganisierten Gefühlsausbrüchen (zu viel/zu wenig Hemmungen) Hitzewallungen/Stauungen/Blutungen. Schlangen will andere Menschen durch ihr Verhalten beeindrucken + anziehen, ihre Beziehungsprobleme durch Verführung überspielen;
Schlangen verführen um zu zeigen, dass sie etwas Besonderes sind:
Both-l.: durch Intellektualität (Spiritualität) o. einfach Aggressivität,
Lach.: durch Extravaganz + Dominanz (beherrschende Position),
Naja: durch zurückhaltende Pflichterfüllung + Hilfsbereitschaft,
Cench.: durch Erotik,
Crot-h.: durch sich aufdrängende Hilfsbereitschaft,
Elaps: durch Kunstsinn + Eleganz + Schönheit
Alle Schlangenmittel:
Repertorium:
Gemüt: nicht verträglich in der Gesellschaft; argwöhnisch; fühlen sich verfolgt, verraten, fremdbestimmt (Fremdkörpergefühl, andere sind Schuld); manipulativ, charmant und hinterlistig;
gespaltenes Verhalten (Crot-h.: will Reden bringt nichts raus; Lach.: redet ununterbrochen aber sagt nichts; Stottern);
Animalische Instinkte (Sex/Aggression) sind schwer kontrollierbar, o. machen Beschwerden (Unterdrückung); konservativ will sie keine Veränderung keinen Wechsel
Zunge (Schwellung/Lähmung), Mund/Hals (Entzündung/Sprachstörung/“Wie“ Zusammenschnürung); Herz + Zirkulation (Schmerz/Hitzewallung/Blutung); Gewebeverfall (Entzündung/Sepsis.);
Lähmend (Paralyse/Unentschlossen); Blutung (Crotalidae + Viperidae).
Widerstreitende Empfindungen, Ziele (z.B.Cench: Erotik – kindliche Unschuld/Naja: Willen – unentschlossen); Empfindung gespalten zu sein; einseitige Beschwerden
< Einschränkung/-schnürung [enge Kleidung (Kragen)]; empfindlich gegen äußere Einflüsse (Temperatur + Wetter); Periodisch (Spinnen); < Veränderungen (Pubertät/Menopause); < morgens/> im Tagesverlauf.
Enge ist nicht tolerabel, anschwellen, platzen, kongestiv.
Würgeschlangen
Empfindlich gegen physikalische Umwelt.
Herkunft: Adeps-boae; Boa constrictor = Abgottschlange;
Fraser: empfinden Welt außer Kontrolle, will mit ANstrengung + Konzentration Ordnung machen + Kontrolle halten in eigener Umgebung; Chaos verhüten durch Willensanstrengung, dadurch
ungeduldig dominierend und heftige Wutausbrüche bei Widerstand (nicht doppelzüngig und hinterlistig wie Giftschlangen); in Dekompensation mut- und hoffnungslose Verzweiflung
Empfindungen: need to hold on tight, fühlt sich unterdrückt und eingeengt durch obige Anstrengung.
Verdauungstrakt ( Schmerz krampfend/ziehend/brennend; Blähungen)
Python regius = Königs-Pytho/= Royal Python;
Fraser: versucht durch Kontrolle ihrer Umgebung kraftvolle Beziehungen zu schmieden, um das Gefühl des Kontrollverlustes im Leben zu kompensieren; diese Beziehungen (Partnerschaft) werden erstickend und erdrücken die eigene Entfaltung, mit Schuldgefühlen; sehr ängstlich
Herkunft: Pythonblut aus einem Blutegel (deshalb wirkt diese Arznei auch bei sauberen, roten Blutungen)
Respirationstrakt (Enge- und Druckgefühle); Darm (Fremdkörpergefühl); starke Wirkung auf Blutungen
Epalidae
Bungarus fasciatus (Bung-f.) = banded Krait
Heftige unkontollierbare Wut- und Ärger-Ausbrüche (DD.: Mamba mehr kaltherzig), die schnell kommen und gehen; fühlen sich oft von anderen unter Druck gesetzt; kann keine Ungerechtigkeit
vertragen (sehen sich aber oft selbst als das Opfer); ängstlich vor allem um Gesundheit (aber nicht so argwöhnisch wie andere Schlangen); gute Kraft aber oft faul und amotiviert.
Leicht gestört durch Lärm und Menschen, aber ängstlich wenn alleine (will schweigende Begleitperson, reden selbst aber laut + schnell); oft beschämt, sexuelle Zwänge (mit Brüsten).
> morgens; < nachmittags; (Cer-c.), hungrig +> nach + durch Essen
Dendroaspis polypesis = Schwarze Mamba
Fraser: extrem selbstsüchtig, sieht er alles nur aus seinem Standpunkt, denkt immer nur an seinen Vorteil, denkt nicht an die Befindlichkeit anderer (aber Mitgefühl mit Kindern/Misshandelten/ Underdogs); auch Sorgen um Befinden von Angehörigen bezieht sich mehr Verlustängste; kritisch und nur eigene Meinung anerkennend werden andere hartherzig bis grausam zum Anerkennen seiner Meinung und Forderungen gezwungen; bei Angriff impulsiv, rücksichtslos und grausam ohne Reue; impulsive Aggression + Sex; ungeduldig, schnell in der Bewegung, suchen sie Excitement o. werden gelangweilt; in Dekompensation hoffnungslos, gefangen in tiefer Verzweiflung im Dunkel wünschen sich den ewigen Schlaf.
Plötzlich + scharf die Schmerzen (oft neuralgisch), auch Pelzigkeit und intellektuelle Stumpfheit; überwältigende Schwäche und Schwere.
Wie ganz alleine, ohne jede Hilfe von anderen
Toxicität: ohne med. Versorgung hohe Mortalität an Atemlähmung innerhalb 0,5-8h; schwarze Mamba ist gefährlichste Art (D. angusticeps) harmloseste Art); Lähmung von Ptosis, Dysarthrie,
Dysphagie bis Atemlähmung + kompletter Paralyse; Dysästhesie generalisiert schon nach 10 Min., Muskelfaszikulieren und -Spasmen; Sonst Speichelfluß, starkes Schwitzen, Gänsehaut,
Bindehautrötung; Bauchschmerz,
Übelkeit, Erbrechen;
Elaps o. micrurus corralinus = Korallenschlange/= Brazilian Coral Snake
Fraser: schüchtern, ängstlich vor allem wenn alleine, aber trotzdem menschenscheu; Angst um Angehörigen v.a. wenn abwesend;
Richter: kämpft darum eine Beziehung zu bekommen (Puls. kämpft eine Beziehung zu erhalten); fühlt sich ausgeschlossen, verlassen, nicht anerkannt, deshalb ist Anerkennung über alles wichtig,
die erreicht werden soll durch Originalität, Phantasie + Kunstfertigkeiten (z.B. schönes Malen v.a. schöne Farben)
Sinn für künstlerisches, Einfallsreichtum, (Farben, Malen, schöne auffallende Kleidung) veranlasst andere sich zu kümmern, hinzuschauen.
Angst um Gesundheit von Angehörigen; Furcht vor Regen; Angst: hohe Plätze/vor Fallen (Träume) (Angst Stellung + Position in der Gesellschaft zu verlieren); wichtig ist gute Meinung der anderen;
scheu, liebevoll, suchen Emotionalität, sehr sanftes Wesen (Naja, Puls), wird aber feurig wenn kämpfen muss (Gegensatz zu Puls); hat Schwierigkeiten mit Kontakten und ist ohne Freunde oft allein, im Konflikt Flucht in die Kunst, Flucht in Einsamkeit; paralytisch Lähmung, Taubheitsgefühl (Naja: zusammengezogen/verkrampft).
Verlangt: Kaltem + Eis/Salat/Buttermilch/Obst (Orangen/Bananen)/Salate (liegen wie Eis im Magen); Abgeneigt: Tomaten;
Ausscheidungen: schwarze Absonderungen (Ohrenschmalz/Blutung/Stuhl/Menses).
Kongestionen = Blutwallung (Blutstau) (Kopf/Lunge/Zungenschwellung/Ohrpulsieren/Herzklopfen) und partielles inneres Kältegefühl Kältegefühl bei warmer Haut; bei Fieber (20 - 22 h.) Kälte bis in Knochen.
Hydrophis cyanocinctus = Blaugebänderte Ruderschlange/= Banded sea snake
Vergftung: Seeschlangen als hochgiftig zu betrachten (von etlichen keine Biß-Berichte da); nur 20% der Bisse erzeugen eine schwere Intoxikation; Lokal ist der Biss schmerzlos und ohne Schwellung;
schwere Intoxikationen entwickeln schnell Zeichen der Muskelschädigung/-steife/-schmerz o. Muskelschwäche (Nacken/Rumpf/Gesicht/Gleder); Schmerz besonders bei Bewegungen (anfangs nur aktiv, dann auch passiv); später Myolyse mit Myoglobinurie, Muskelregeneration erst nach 1 - 2 Wochen beginnend vom überlebenden Muskelkern; selten Muskellähmung aber Augenmuskelparese mit Diplopie + Ptose und Schluck- + Sprachstörung sind möglich
Fraser: starke, nicht unterdrückte Emotionen; in Dekompensation abgestumpft, lethargisch und depressiv (leben unter dunkler Wolke)
Mangialavori: schüchterne, scheue, ängstliche nicht kommunitative Menschen, verschlossen und depressiv (ähnlich Nat-m); Bedürfnis nach Distanz, nach sicherem Rückzugsraum
Symptome vor allem Lähmung, abgestumpfte Erschöpfung und Empfindungslosigkeit; Trennung von oberer + unterer schwächere Körperhälfte (schwache/blockierte Sexualität);
Wie andere Schlangen: Halssymptome/Durst auf kalte Getränke + kalte Speisen/Enge unverträglich.
Muskeldystrophie, Polio; Haut, Neuralgien bei Herpes;
Naja tripudians
Vergiftung: Alle asiatischen Kobras sind neurotoxisch bis zur Atemlähmung und unterschiedlich gewebetoxisch; sofort starker Lokal-Schmerz; meist ZNS-Symptome (Benommenheit wie betrunken, Parästhesien um Mund + Lippen, Kopfschmerz und Schwindel Lähmung beginnend mit Ptosis, Ophtalmoplegie, dann Kopf-, Schluck- Nackenmuskeln bis zur generalisierten schlaffen Parese bei erhaltenem Bewusstsein; teilweise viel zäher Speichel); bald Schwellung später Dunkelfärbung, Blasenbildung, Nekroseentstehung bis zu 1 Woche nach Biß manchmal bis zu Sehnen; Herz selten Hypotonie + EKG Veränderungen mit ST-Hebung;
Fraser: Naja fühlt sich eingeengt, kontrolliert, in der Falle durch selbstgewählte verantwortungsvolle Pflichterfüllung; während Lach dauernd gegen jede Einengung ankämpft, erträgt Naja die Gefangenschaft aus Verantwortungsgefühl gegen über seinen Nächsten, um dadurch die Akzeptanz dieser Nächsten zu erreichen (DD Crot-h zupackendes Aufdrängen der Hilfe); Naja ist zurückhaltender, unentschlossener und weniger aggressiv, als andere Schlangen (bis inaktiv + depressiv), wird aber heftig und aggressiv wenn direkt angegriffen (und in Träumen).
Mangialavori: fein + unentschlossen wegen mangelndem Selbstbewusstsein (bis zur Lähmung + Unfähigkeit etwas zu tun) versucht durch Pflichterfüllung (Workoholik) + hohem Verantwortungsgefühl die gewünschte Anerkennung zu bekommen (Antagonismus Willen – Unentschlossenheit); ist sehr beleidigt bei Kritik (trotz hoher Selbstkritik)
Richter: Dualität der Schlangen am deutlichsten bei Naja (2 Seelen in einer Brust, kann sich nicht für sich selbst entscheiden); in chaotischer Situation wegen Unsicherheit wie gelähmt, hin und her gerissen entsteht Konstriktion (Asthma/Verkrampfung Herz, Hals, Brust, Nacken); sehr pflichtbewusst, fühlt sich aber vernachlässigt (verlassen) o. meint seine Pflicht vernachlässigt zu haben.
Verführt durch verantwortungsvolle Pflichterfüllung; durch Engelhaftigkeit (so lieb, so engelhaft wie Caust)
Antagonismus von ruhelosem Aktivitätsdrang und gelähmten Willen zu handeln; hochempfindlich gegen Kritik, Misserfolg, immer Zweifel an Güte der eigenen Arbeit; Gefühl Versager zu sein; bei Problemen zittrig, aufgeregt/erregt, nuschelige Sprache, weint bei kleinster Erregung; bei Überforderung zusammengezogen, verkrampft (Elaps paralysiert); ehrgeiZG, fleißIG, Verlangt Beschäftigung, immer Gefühl nicht genug getan zu haben (Neubeginn einer Tätigkeit).
Allgemein bei Schlangen Aufgedunsensein, Konstriktions-, Krampf-, Druck-, Beengungs-Gefühl (Kehle/Herz/Bauch/Nacken/Asthma).
Viele Allergien (Heuschnupfen, Asthma); HERZ (Myo- Endokarditis, Rhythmusstörungen, Klappenfehler, Herzangst, Druck-, Engegefühl, heißes eindringendes Eisen, < l. Seitenlage/leichte Anstrengung; Hals (Konstriktion, Kloßgefühl bis Unmöglich zu Schlucken, Nackensteife); Diphterie mit Enge/Konstriktion am Hals + Herzbeteiligung; Cerebellum, Medulla oblongata.
Crotalidae + Viperidae
Agkistroden piscivoris = Toxicophis pugnax
Vergiftung: neben den Lokal-Symptomen aller amerikanischen Agkistrodon (Schmerz/Ödem/Erythem/Ekchymosen/Nekrosen/schmerzhafte Lymphknotenschwellung), vor allem kardiologische Symptome Schwindel, häufiger Gerinnungsstörungen bis zur Verbrauchskoagulopathie mit Fibrinogenabfall und Thrombopenie
Fraser: kindliches Verhalten (auch retarded), oft Wunsch nach Zärtlichkeit und Umsorgt werden; sehr empfindlich (empfindsam), leicht beleidigt (auch mit Weinen), schnell verletzt, wechselhafte Stimmung und auch heftige unkontrollierbare Wutanfälle zumindest nach Provokation (Kränkung) mit Impuls zu schlagen.
Mangialvori: will zeigen dass sie stark sind und unabhängig von den anderen; zeigen sich stolz bis überheblich; versuchen zu ihrer dunklen Seite zu stehen, und damit alleine fertig zu werden
Stimmungen wechselnd mit Lachen und gleich wieder weinen, Begeisterung und Depression mit Verlust sich konzentrieren zu können; viel Ängste + Befürchtungen nachts, mit Alpträumen und Angst schlafen zu gehen;
allgemein viele (auch triviale) Ängste; Angst vor animalischen (gewalttätig o. sexuell) Impulsen. Vorliebe Fisch, Abneigung Süßes
Agkistroden o. Cenchris contortix
Vergiftung: oft nur lokale Symptome (Schmerz/Ödem/Erythem/Ekchymosen/Nekrose/schmerzhafte Lymphknotenschwellungen); möglich wie bei anderen amerikanischen Agkistrodon leichte bis mittlere Blutgerinnungsstörungen durch Thrombinaktivierung.
Fraser + Mangialavori: viel Ähnlichkeit mit Agk-p in kindlichem Verhalten aber starke erotische/sexuelle Betonung (Widerstreit von kindlicher Unschuld und verführerischer Sexualität mit Angst); sehr freundliches Erscheinen mit meist gehemmter evtl. unterdrückter Aggression (Staph-a), bei starker Verletzung als bösartige Rachsucht herausbricht; als Unterscheidung zu Agk-p. Schwerpunkt und Bezug zu Sexuellem; wie Agk-p wechselnde Stimmungen von freundlich (sweet + kind) zu ärgerlich bis grausam, von depressiv bis fröhlich lachend; heftige + plötzliche Wutausbrüche wenn gestört o. angegriffen.
[Richter] starke Sexualisierung des Bezugsverhaltens; Gefühl niemand hat ihn wirklich lieb, mit großem Verlassenheitsgefühl und großer Sehnsucht nach Zuneigung, nach körperlicher (erotischer) Zuwendung bis zu sexuellem Verfolgungswahn
Verführt durch Erotik + Sexualität o. sich verführt fühlen und ambivalenter Angst vor Sexualität.
Wie generell bei Schlangen anschwellen, platzen, kongestiv; jede Enge ist nicht tolerabel
Ähnlich Agk-p: Ambivalenz von scheu, zerstreut, träumerisch und ruhelos aktiv bis aggressiv + rachsüchtig wenn zu sehr verletzt; ähnlich Agk-p ängstlich mit lebhaften Alpträumen (öfters Ängste um Vergewaltigung, Homosexualität, sexuell verfolgt); Aufmerksamkeit heischend, kapriziös und egoistisch will eigenen Willen durchsetzen.
Körperlich: empfindlich Gerüche (Geruchsflashbacks); Enges nicht tolerabel; leeres Schlucken schwer, Flüssigkeit schlucken besser (Lach + Bothrops opp. feste Speisen schlucken > als Flüssiges).
Mund + Zähne + Hautausschlag durch unterdrückten Zorn (Staph); Ulcera (z.b. ulceröse Pharyngitis o. Colitis); r. Seite, Leber; obere Luftwege, weiblicher Unterleib (< Menses; Endometriose)
Bitis o. Clotho arietans
Allen Bissen von Bitis-Arten starke Lokalsymptomatik (Schwellung, später Nekrose, schnell einsetzend Hypotonie bis Schock und Kardiotoxizität, frühzeitig einsetzende Blutungen nach Tagen rezidivierend.
Aggressiv, roh und misshandelnd, ohne Rücksicht auf Gefühle der anderen; Verlangt Gesellschaft, wegen sozialer Unverträglichkeit unerfüllt.
Sehr aggressiv, heftiger Zorn bei geringstem Widerspruch; kopfloses Handeln, faul, interesse- und freudlos; Ungeschickt + Schwindel wie betrunken (mit Fallneigung) < bei Ärger/sehr materialistisch/ habgiering und neidisch auf Besitz anderer; großer Hunger, Verlangt: Kaltes/Milchprodukte;
Modalitäten: > Bewegung, die aber schnell erschöpft; < morgens (Lach), wöchentlich Periodizität (Montags).
Ödeme; Schwellungen (Ext., Lymphknoten), Auftreibung (Abdomen); wässrige Blutungen.
Bothrops
lanceolatus =
Martinique-Lanzenotter/= Yellow Viper
Vergiftung: lokal häufig Blutung aus der Bißstelle, schnell Schmerz + Ödem bis zur ganzen Extremität; lokale Purpura, Nekrosebildung nur bis Subcutangewebe, frühzeitig Hypotonie bis Schock durch vasoaktive Substanzen, Arrhythmie; Verbrauchskoagulopathie mit Fibrinogenabfall; bei schwerer Intox. Nierentubulus- od. Nierenrindennekrose
Mangialavori: möchte stark, groß, exklusiv und mächtig erscheinen; kämpft (teils aggressiv o. überheblich) der Beste zu sein, insbesondere gebildet, gescheit und spirituell hoch stehend zu erscheinen.
[Richter] aggressiv allein an der Spitze; enthemmte Bindungsstörung mit Selbstgefährdung und plötzlicher starker Aggressivität (Kind schlägt um sich um Kontakt zu bekommen); wegen Selbstüberschätzung gefährliche Exploration mit gefährlich provokativem Verhalten;
Verführt: durch Intellektualität, Spiritualität o. einfach Aggressivität (intellektuelle/spirituelle Fassade) versucht an die Spitze zu kommen; Kind durch Provokation bis Aggression.
Hoher Leistungsdruck gegenüber sich selbst (muss der Beste, der Stärkste sein); EgoisMUS; Unterdrückt Emotionen mit plötzlichen bedrohlichen Aggressionsausbrüchen (blitzschnelle Aggression)
Symptome diagonal; Symptome halbseitig (eine Seite gesund, andere krank)
Blutungen + Thrombosen (Auge, Hemiplegie, Venen, Lungenembolie); Auge (Blutung, stark Kurzsichtig, Sehverlust).
Cerastes cerastes
Lokal Schmerz, Schwellung, Hämatom, Gewebenekrose möglich
Freundlich/nachgiebig, Schönheit und Erotik, weibliche Erotik; dies wird im pathologischen Fall behindert durch Rebellion und Starrsinn, Neid und Eifersucht
Angst wegen Herzerkrankung (Herz zusammengedrückt, wie schwach, Palpitationen); Hitzewallungen, aber Kälteempfindlich
> morgens, < Nachmittags (Bung-f)
Menses-Probleme (v.a. Blutungen); Gesicht (Akne, Verfärbung, Lähmung)
Crotalus cascavella =
Crotalus durissus cascavella/= Schauer-Klapperschlange
Vergiftung: neurotoxisch, myotoxisch und stark gerinnungstoxisch
Fraser: religiös mit starker Beziehung zum Tod vor allem nachts (Angst/Vorstellungen/Träume von eigenem Tod o. dem Angehöriger); Folgen von Kummer (durch Verlust + Tod); andererseits sehr materialistisch, misstrauisch andere will Besitz wegnehmen, fühlen sich betrogen will aber Gesellschaft (opp. Crot-h will alleine sein)
Mangialavori: Themen um Tod (Ängste, Träume) und können niemandem vertrauen (andere will eigene Entfaltung verhindern); dunkle Seite wird empfunden + gezeigt als Magie, Hexe usw.
Richter: Kind fühlt sich ganz alleine und will + kann nicht alleine sein, kommt eng heran + bleibt, integriert sich gut in Gruppen (Beziehungsaufnahme über Streit), bekommt aber keinen echten Kontakt
Phantasievoll (Angstvorstellungen, bedrohliche Tiere / Gespenster), Hellsehen, hohe Empathie; Angst, Gefühl jemand ist hinter ihm (Med, Cench cont), vor Verwünschung, vor Tod von sich + Angehörigen; einseitige Paralyse, Zungen-Lähmung; schwere Sprache, Taubheit; Widerstreit von Spirituell – materialistisch, von animalischen Impulsen und Sex (teils aggressiv + pervers).
Crotalus horridus = Waldklapperschlange
Vergiftung: starke Lokalreaktion mit sofort Schmerzen, Schwellung, Ekchymosen; schmerzhafte Lymphknotenschwellung; meist Gerinnungstörungen (Blutungen und Petechien; Verbrauchskoagulopathie und Gefäßendothelschädigung, Abfall von Fibrinogen, Quick, Thrombozyten; ZNS-toxisch mit Tremor in gebissenes Glied; generalisierte Paraesthesien, Muskelfaszikulieren der Gesichtsmuskulatur, selten Rhabdomyolyse; kardial rezidivierende Episoden mit Tachykardie, Hypotonie
Fraser: fühlt sich angegriffen (von allen) und reagiert mit offen bösartig heftiger Gegenattacke o. Rückzug an ruhigen Ort, wo sie alleine sind (DD:. Lach. mehr hinterhältig verschlagen); körperlich und emotional nicht so empfindlich wie Lachesis, zeigen Emotionen ehrlicher
nach Verreibungsprüfung von Posdzech Olaf: Mißtrauen, Hass, Gewalt bis Mordlust, kalte Athmosphäre; Einsamkeit wegen Feindseligkeit gegen alle; Themen um Tod, Verlust, los lassen, Abschied nehmen; kalte Sexualität mit Beziehungsproblemen.
Richter + Mangialavori: fühlt sich isoliert alleine; fühlt sich zum Helfen verpflichtet will aber eigentlich nicht (DD.: Naja mehr zrückhaltend + schüchtern); macht alles für andere, obwohl diese die Hilfe gar nicht will und ist dann böse wenn die Hilfe nicht esthimiert wird; durch diese Bindung fühlt sich in eigener Entwicklung behindert (Bild einmischende Schwiegermutter); wegen Beziehungsstörung kann eigene Wünsche + Bedürfnisse nicht aussprechen wird dann sprachlos; hat Grundangst, dass ihm nur Schlechtes widerfährt (jeder Behandlung bringt Verschlimmerung, phantasiert lauter schlimme Unglücke); im Endstadium aufgeopfert für andere, nix dafür bekommen, ausgeblutet o. blutend aus allen Öffnungen
Verführt: durch Dienen, Unterwürfigkeit, sich Klein machen; zeigt wie nützlich man ist.
Fraser: fühlt sich angegriffen und geschlagen (DD Lach fühlt sich eingesperrt und behindert); andere sind konspirativ gegen sich gerichtet
Blutungen aus Körperöffnungen; Angst + Träume (Schreckliches passiert/Angegriffen von allen); aktives Stadium mit Redefluss und evtl. Aggression (wie andere Crotalidae), in Erschöpfung schwach, Intellekt benommen, Sprache zögernd bis verwirrt + stupid; immer sind andere schuld, gar nix hilft o. tut gut, immer Furcht vor Bösem; spricht schnell + viel o. langsam + viel und schweift vom Thema ab
(DD.: Lach.), o. spricht unter Stress gar nicht mehr; unterwürfig aber voller gestauter Wut (Narben/Wunden gehen wieder auf, Schwellungsgefühl Herz Hals).
< morgens + < im/nach Schlaf (Lach)/vor Menses (Lach)/im Frühjahr/Druck am Bauch + Hals; Schmerz + andere Beschwerden sind wechselnd, kommen + gehen plötzlich, erscheinen häufig wieder
Blutungen, Stauungs- + Einengungssymptome (Hals/Leber/Herz- Kreislauf) wie die meisten Schlangen, bei Cort-h oft im Abdomen schlechter nach Essen; Apoplex (Aphasie, Taubheitsgefühl, Lähmungen); Gelbfieber/Sepsis.x.
Lachesis mutans
Vergiftung: (Schwellung, Blutungen, Ekchymosen, schmerzhafte Lymphknotenschwellung später Nekrosen); für Schlangen unübliche cholinerge Wirkungen (Bauchkrämpfe, Erbrechen, Diarrhöe oft blutig, Schwitzen, Bradykardie, Hypotonie); schwere Blutgerinnungsstörungen (Verbrauchskoagulopathie)
Von allen Schlangen am deutlichsten extrovertiert, erregbar, eifersüchtig, „die bombastische, überhebliche und bestimmende Art“ der Schlangen mit überbordenden Narzissmus; „Argwohn, Eifersucht, Falschheit und Verletzungen … gespeist aus einem sozialen Defizit“, Schicksalsmäßige Verstrickung mit dem jeweiligen Streitgegnern.
Mangialvori: Lach hat o. will die beherrschende Position (führender Boss, diktatorischer Partner), dies wird (neidisch + extravagant) verteidigt mit hinterhältiger Raffinesse; Eifersucht (besitzen will) und beim Gefühl zu scheitern eine sehr destruktive, auch selbstzerstörerische Haltung; am Ende Verlassenheitsgefühl und eventuell selbstkritische Gewissenbisse, die niemanden die Autorität des Trostes erlauben (Lach kämpft dann mit sich selbst, zuvor mit den die beherrschende Position bedrohenden Personen)
Fraser + Richter: beeindruckenstes Schlangenmittel (Charisma) mit geschwätziger Selbstdarstellung; verträgt am wenigsten Einengung, Restriktion (gesellschaftliche Regeln, Vorschriften), Gefangenschaft zu kurz gekommen bei Liebe + Sex
Alle typischen Schlangenleitsymptome in übersteigerter Form wie Unverträglichkeit von Beengung, Blutungen + Hitzewallungen (vor allem nach Unterdrückung von Psyche o. Ausscheidungen), destruktiv syphilitsches Mittel;
Beschwerden einseitig (l.); < Schlaf/jeder Wechsel (Wetter/Menopause/Jahreszeit)/Sonne und aufwachen; > Absonderungen.
Destruktive, septische Prozesse (blauviolett, geschwill, ulcerös, Blutungen), Hals, Lunge, Gebärmutter, Eierstöcke, Hoden, Alkoholismus
Vipera berus
Lokal initial Schmerz innerhalb Min.; meist rasche Entstehung des Ödems + Schwellung, typische Blaulividverfärbung; Schwellung ganzes Glied bis Rumpf mögl; Lymphangitis; angioneurotisches Ödem (Zungen-, Lippenschwellung, Glottisödem; bei Hunden sehr häufig; kardial Schock, Hypotonie, Tachykardie, selten Stenokardie
Fraser: alle typischen Schlangenthemen wie Aggression, Eifersucht, Hass, Rachsucht sind vorhanden aber massiv unterdrückt, so dass diese Eigenschaften getarnt und verneint werden, und sich für freundlichsten und zufriedensten Zeitgenossen hält; bei großem Stress o. als Reaktion auf falsche Arzneiwahl kommt das wahre Schlangen-Gesicht zu Tage.
Mangialavori: will oberflächlich und unbeschwert erscheinen; verbergen der dunklen Seite (verbergen Schwere der Pathologie), wahren ihre Privatsphäre
Schwere-, Schwellungsgefühl, will platzen, bersten (Extremität, unterdrückte Emotion)
Phlebitis, tiefe Venenthrombose mit starker Schwellung (< nach unten hängen); Schwellungen (innerlich + Extremtäten), Ödeme mit blau livider Hautverfärbung; ausgedehnte Ekchymosen; ängstlich + nervös Herzgegend (arrhythmisch, Enge).
< Herabhängen Glieder; re-Seitig; verfrohren aber verlangt kalten Getränken + kaltem Essen.
Venenprobleme (Tiefe Venen-Thrombose, Venenentzündung); Leberprobleme mit Gelbsucht; Schilddrüse (Kropf)
ECHSEN
Heloderma horridum = Gilamonster;
Vergiftung. große Echse, beißt nur zur Verteidigung; normalerweise keine Todesfälle; lokal breitet sich Schmerz aus in Minuten auf ganzes Gled aus mit schnell entstehender Schwellung, Ödem und Blaufärbung; schmerzhafte Lymphangitis und Lymphknotenschwellung möglich; oft Hypotonie bis schwerer Kreislaufschock; Schwitzen, Schwindel, Übelkeit + Erbrechen, oft Schwäche, selten, Tinnitus, Thrombopenie, Musklefaszikulationen
LangSAM, will sich nicht ändern (halsstarrig/widerspenstig) und bleiben wie sie sind; versuchen andere zu zwingen sich der eigenen Langsamkeit anzupassen (ganze Welt soll sich um sie drehen und sich ihrem langsamen Rhythmus anpassen; zäh + stark leben sie (oft alleine) ihr eigenes Leben, sind körperlich + gefühlsmäßig kalt.
Eiseskälte an einzelnen Körperstellen (z.B. Zunge); große Eifersucht + Beschwerden aus Eifersucht (Ärger, Sprachstörung); langsamkeit, faul; Angst in der Dunkelheit, halsstarrig vor allem in Konfliktsituationen; wichtig ist Thema Sprache; Vorliebe Eier, sehr verfroren, bekommt aber keine Beschwerden bei Kälteexposition.
Tyrannosaurus rex = ausgestorbenen Saurier
Will Anführer sein, selbstsüchtig herrschen; wird überwältigt von plötzlichen gewalttätigen Wutanfällen (die sie fürchten und die ihnen leit tun); kämpft gegen die Vorstellung ausgelöscht zu werden (gegen Tod)
Angst in der Dunkelheit; starke Eifersucht; Krämpfe vor allem wenn wütend (Muskelkrämpfe, Hustenkrämpfe)
‡ Folgendes
hat anthroposofische Einschlüsse ‡
Snakes might be called the purest reptiles:
Their 4 limbs regressed/slither over the earth and up trees/burrow into
sand/swim in the water leglessly.
Serpentine nature accommodated itself to a
tubular body (Worms)
that has lost its limbs/snakes are deaf (lacking a middle ear).
Snakes most closely bound to the earth.
Structure of body is pronounced asymmetric. Higher snakes have only r. lung.
Other organs arranged asymmetrically (ovaries l. or r. higher than the
other/similar the other organs).
Snakes have a “swallowing disorder”
(pronounced dysphagia). Considering their darting tongue and hissing, one might
say they are characterized by “dysarthria = speech disorder“.
Snake poisons
Terrestrial venomous snakes can be divided
into 3 large groups:
• true vipers (Viperidae): clotting disorder.
• pit vipers incl. rattlesnakes (Crotalidae), clotting disorder
•
cobras, coral snakes, mambas, etc. (Elapidae). with curare-like
neurotoxins, to paralyses.
8 snake venoms are now mostly employed:
Lach. Crot-h. Crot-terrificus. Naja. Vip-b. Both. Cench. Elaps.
In remedy provings almost all snakes
display an emphasis on l. (Lach) or r. (Crot-h.)
clotting disorders (black and blue marks),
swallowing disorders and sensations of constriction in the throat region.
On the soul (“mind”) level, there are
indications for “loquacity” (Lach.)/as for a quiet, withdrawn state and aphasia
(Crot-h. Both.). With these (and other) symptoms, snake venoms produce an
“ideal image” of stroke.
Gliedmaßenbewegung = Eintauchen des Ichs in Geistigkeit der Welt.
Ausgang = Nervensystem
Als Bewusstseinsorganisation, taucht im Blut ein und geht über das
Herz (= Grenzorgan) zur Gliedmaßen.
Schlange kann nicht im
Geistigem eintauchen, bleibt irdisch-begierdenhaft. Sie =
Verdauungsschlauch + Nervensystem/hat kein Hörorgan/fängt Beute mit
Geruchsorgan. Sie scheidet keinen Ur-ac aus. Fehlgesteuerte Gedankenflut im
Mensch = Gedankenflut + Geschwätzigkeit. Erlebnisse = fixiert + nicht
verarbeitet. Schlangen unterstützen seelische Aufarbeitung
Schlangen scheiden reines Ur-ac aus/höhere Tieren können Ur-ac
abbauen/Mensch kann nur teilweise abbauen/braucht Ur-ac zum logischem Denken
Gliedmaßenbewegung (kann sich nur durch absetzen bewegen) = Eintauchen des
Ichs in Geistigkeit der Welt. Ausgang = Nervensystem als
Bewusstseinsorganisation, taucht im Blut ein und geht über das Herz (=
Grenzorgan) zur Gliedmaßen. Schlange kann sich nicht im Geistigem eintauchen,
bleibt irdisch-begierdenhaft. Sie = Verdauungsschlauch + Nervensystem. Sie hat
kein Hörorgan/fängt Beute mit Geruchsorgan. Sie scheidet keinen Ur-ac. aus. Die
fehlgesteuerte Harnsäurestoffwechsel = Gedankenflut + Geschwätzigkeit. Erlebnissen
= fixiert + nicht verarbeitet. Schlangen unterstützen seelische Aufarbeitung.
Frei nach: Friedwart Husemann, M.D.
Lach. feels uneasy/cannot bear tight-fitting bands
(collars/belts/brassieres). It is not uncommon for them to feel that there is excess
pressure inside. > Discharges which may be said to relieve that pressure
(headache > with the onset of menses). Symptoms mostly l. sided. Lach.
addresses the heart, just as more r.-sided drugs tend to address the liver.
Aggravation from sleep is an important Lach. keynote. Patients go to bed
in a condition that is bearable and wake up with dreadful palpitations,
headache, and paresthesia of the arms. 'Sleeps into the aggravation' is thus
indicative of the drug. Concerning the psychology, 'loquacity' is a common
sign. An exaggerated desire to communicate denotes a certain lack of stability.
< heat/sun/hot room. Often proved life-saving in serious septic
conditions.
What do the following five symptoms represent?
- constriction
- l.-sidedness
- < from sleep
- loquacity
- < from heat
With these (and other) symptoms, snake venoms produce an “ideal image”
of stroke.
Reptilia: Snakes, lizards, turtles and crocodiles all
belong to the class of Reptilia. They are poikilothermic (= have variable body
temperature) like the amphibians, but the embryo is surrounded by an amnion, and as in the birds, the eggs are
laid on land and no longer depend on a watery environment; instead they have a
calcareous shell. Birds and reptiles both produce egg shells.
Despite the relationship, birds seem
the opposite of snakes in many respects.
Snakes are out-and-out reptiles. The 4 limbs disappeared and are
legless; progress on the ground and in trees with sinuous twisting movements,
burrow in the sand, and sometimes swim in water.
Snakes like to stay in one place, occupying the same familiar territory
for years on end. Essentially, therefore, snakes have narrowed their habitat to
a fixed point on earth; they have narrowed down their bodies so that they have
become a limbless tube.
In plant terms we might say that snakes have concentrated on the stem
principle.
Snakes are deaf, having no middle ear. (Snake charmers achieve their
ends not through music but because of the movements they make). These animals
therefore lack the mobile inner part of the ear and the 4 limbs = the outer and
the inner mobility that is part of musicality. Music becomes dance in the
movement of the limbs. This is probably also the reason why the sinuous
twisting movements of snakes look so unpleasant to us; they lack both music and
harmony.
Snakes, on the other hand, have remained poikilothermic. Snakes have an
incomplete septum.
All in all, snakes show regression of limbs, narrowing down to a
tubelike body that is all trunk, limitation to a restricted habitat, and
exclusion from the whole world of sound (which represents a narrowing down in
comparison with birds).
Birds, on the other hand, take the limb principle to the extreme, with
the anterior limbs developed into wings to produce the airfoils that permit
them to fly.
Migrating birds circle the whole globe, covering thousands of kilometers
year after year.
In plant terms we might say birds represent the leaf principle with
their wings; they have expanded into the world around them and indeed made the
whole earth their habitat.
Address to our sense of music. Bird song is something unique in the
world of nature.
Just as the rose or the lily is the culmination of plant life and comes close
to being a work of art, nature presents the art of music in the song of birds
(some are able to imitate human speech).
The flight of birds on the other hand is something sublime; a certain
awe is felt as the eye follows the strange V-shaped form of a flight of cranes
in the sky. The beat of the wings forms a wave as it passes further back the
line and in this one experience the common breath that guides individual birds
the way a conductor does a symphony.
Among the Sauropsida, birds have anticipated development in so far as
they are already homeothermic like mammals. Once again they are slightly
overdoing things, however, for they do not attain to the 'proper level' of 37°
C. Compared to human beings they may be said to have a fever all the time, their
body temperature being in the range of 41 - 44° C, depending on the species.
Birds accordingly have a completely separate l. and r. heart. Birds
conquer all dimensions of space in their flight.
Taking snakes and birds together, it would seem that the snakes forewent
music entirely in their organization so that the birds might have it. Surely
the price we pay for the admiration we feel for birds is the repugnance we
might experience when we look at a snake.
Similarity Between the Picture
Presented in Nature and the Drug Picture
Snakes are evidence of nature's power to narrow down the expansiveness
that is characteristic of birds.
Lach. becomes like this when they feel constricted, symptoms > from
discharges that relieve the constriction. This may be seen as a first link
between the powers of nature that have produced snakes in the outside world,
and the medicinal powers that snake venom develop within human beings.
The long body form of snakes is responsible for one-sidedness in other
respects. Snakes having rudiments of a shoulder and a pelvic girdle (thus
indicating their relationship to 4-footed animals) have both r. and l. lung.
Higher snakes don’t have even the rudiments of limbs and no l. lung. In
humans, the l. lung has 2 lobes while the r. lung has 3 (l. lung shows a degree
of regression). Compared to humans, the extreme to be seen in snakes is that
the heart is entirely limited to the l. side of the body and the lung to the r.
The actual situation is that the 2 organs extend lengthways in front, beside
and behind one another, but compared to the human anatomy the aforesaid may
nevertheless be said to be true. It immediately explains the l.-sidedness of
Lach. and the connection with the heart.
Snakes have to move horizontally on the ground because they have no
legs. No other animal shows the horizontal direction of the animal backbone as
clearly as a snake does. Human beings on the other hand have assumed the
vertical position, though this applies only when they are in daytime
consciousness. In sleep, human beings, too, must assume the horizontal position
of the animal backbone. In sleep, humans are in the same position as snakes.
Hence the characteristic symptom '< from sleep', 'sleeps into the
aggravation'.
Snake Venom
So far we have limited ourselves to the things snakes have had to give
up compared to other animals: legs/ears/l. lung. What do snakes gain from all
those regressions?
Mainly venom production. Snake venoms are highly complex proteins. They
are produced in oral and parotid salivary glands and injected into the victim through
poison fangs.
The method of application is important, for taken by the oral route
snake venoms are nontoxic, being digested just like other proteins.
Mineral poisons are toxic if taken by the oral route, as are plant
poisons, though the latter are chemically more complex. Animal poisons are
usually highly complex proteins, and generally speaking, their chemical
structure is not yet fully known (which indicates their complex nature). Wasps,
bees and scorpions inject their venom. The sting is carried on the abdomen.
Spiders carry their poison apparatus in the mouth region. These insects are
worlds away from humans in terms of any relationship. Snakes, being
vertebrates, are the venom producers closest to humans. Toads have their venom
in the skin, snakes carry it in the mouth.
The poison apparatus reaches maximum perfection in the most highly
developed snakes (Lach). The poison fang does not merely have a groove, as in
the lower venomous snakes, but is like a
hypodermic needle, so that the venom is really injected. All the other
teeth in the upper jaw have become rudimentary, leaving only the poison fang
and its replacements. This can be raised and made to stand forward.
1. the snake merely injects its victim with the venom.
2. pursues the animal until it collapses,
3. swallows it whole, without biting or chewing.
The poisoning process is one of predigestion: animals that have not been
previously injected with venom take much longer to digest. The poison fang thus
also takes on the function that normally consists in chewing. The skeleton of a
snake's head is highly mobile, and this applies particularly to the bones of
the mouth. This mobility reaches its maximum in venomous snakes where the upper
jaw carrying the poison fang can be tilted forward by an angle of 90°. Thus we
see what snakes have gained in losing their limbs: teeth have become highly
mobile organs of motion in two respects, 1st in outer mobility and 2nd through
the poison fang becoming the efferent duct of a gland.
Let us return to comparison with birds. Something quite different comes
to expression in a dry beak opened in song than in venomous saliva ejected
through a tooth. These are serious matters, yet there is a certain humour to
the way they present in the drug picture. The keynote 'loquacity', the
exaggerated desire to communicate shown by Lach., needs to be seen in this
context, for the snake carries its venom in the mouth. We may also connect the
symptom of excessive loquacity with the improvement from discharges that has
already been mentioned. A Lach. migraine may improve with the onset of menses,
and the same patient relieves the excess pressure in her soul through the ceaseless
flow of talk. When a snake discharges venom this, too, is like using a safety
valve for the many restrictions and economies that these animals have taken
upon them.
The Pit as a Sence
Organ for Heat
Snakes have an extraordinarily acute sense of smell which they hunt. Pit
vipers (Lach.)have an additional organ, the 'pit'. This is a hollow space
between nose and eye that is covered with a thin, slightly depressed, membrane.
Cross section through the pit of a pit viper: a) maxilla, b) inner chamber, c)
outer chamber, d) membrane, e) canal and sphincter, f) eye.
The membrane is only 1/100 mm in thickness but has a rich supply of
nerve endings (1000/mm²) deriving from the 5th trismegenius cranial nerve. The
pits enable the snake to perceive the heat radiated by its prey. Temperature
differences as small as 0.003° C will cause nerve stimulation, and a pit viper
is able to perceive the heat radiating from the palm of a human hand at a
distance of half a meter. The most highly developed venomous snakes have a
sense organ for heat that has no equal in the animal kingdom. The structure has
some similarity to the primitive cup-like eyes of some lower animals, but an
better comparison is with the ear drum and tympanic cavity. There, too, a
sensitive membrane is stretched over a cavity or pit. The middle ear that is
lacking in all other snakes has re-emerged as an organ for the perception of
heat in the pit vipers. These snakes therefore show the great sensitivity to
heat that also appears in the drug picture of Lach.: '< from heat' ('does
not tolerate heat in any form' 'climacteric hot flushes').
From Drug Picture to Drug Intuition
The 5 cardinal symptoms we have been discussing show a striking
similarity to the special physiological features of snakes. Up to this point,
therefore, our approach has consisted in explaining the drug picture on the
basis of what presents in nature. Those symptoms (constriction, l.sidedness,
< from sleep, loquacity, < from heat) are pathological in humans but
physiological in snakes. 'Every animal, if we consider it in the r. way, is a
disease in human beings. In the animal the disease may be said to be normal'.
So far we have considered human pathology in connection with the snake. We do not
have to stop at this, however. Birds, the opposite of snakes, also represent a
particular pathological process in that their physiological temperature is 41-
44° C. Snakes are in opposition to this 'bird pathology' and thus become
medicinal in this respect. At this point, therapeutic action is no longer
motivated by empirical observation but by thought, and that is 'drug
intuition'. It is evident that homeopathic drug pictures as well as
anthroposophical drug intuitions are open to rational explanation.
Birds enhance the heat process to one of continuous fever: they are
always giving off heat and this makes them homeothermic, like humans.
Birds are environment-orientated; their migrations circle the whole
globe.
Snakes, on the other hand, are poikilothermic and have a limited
habitat; their sense of heat is concentrated in a pit between nose and eye.
Birds essentially appear to relate to a spreading, actively produced
heat principle involving passive perception.
Venomous snakes thus represent the essence of a natural power that
contracts the heat principle, localizing it in a single organ. As physicians we
utilize this natural power when we give Lach. in the treatment of febrile
diseases. Patients who have a fever enter into bird nature, as it were, and
this has to be countered with the essential nature of venomous snakes, so that
the human being can freely find his own level somewhere between the excessive
heat production of birds and excessive passive heat perception of snakes.
The Upright Serpent
When a patient's fever is healed with snake venom, a balance is
established between feverish bird nature and poisonous snake nature; this
balance could not be achieved unless there was disease, or in other words the
human being. The snake which in nature progresses horizontally is able to heal
the human being with its venom; it thus attains to the upr. position in the
human being. Or else we may say that the medicinal action helps the human being
from his horizontal sick bed to the vertical position. Such a view gives a new
understanding of ancient symbols. Moses set up a brazen serpent in the desert,
and anyone who looked on that serpent did not die of the bite of the fiery
serpents. Since then, however, evolution has progressed, as is also evident in
this particular case. When human beings fall ill they assume the
characteristics of a process in outer nature. A successful healing process, on
the other hand, means that a certain natural process (e.g. snake venom) assumes
human characteristics. Every process in nature therefore reveals a gesture full
of healing intent for man. We see signs here of a macrocosmic human being who
is poured out in nature and holds all healing principles within him. This is
the world's redeemer who said to Nicodemus: 'And as Moses lifted up the serpent
in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That whosoever
believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.' (John 3. 14-15). In
Moses' day, the upr. serpent was a brazen one and the fiery serpents could kill.
Since the turning-point of time the upr. serpent has itself become a symbol of
healing that will tame the fire and can show us the way from the pathological
symptoms in human beings to the healing principles in nature.
Frei nach: Otto Leeser, M.D., Ph.D.
There is no need here to pursue the many myths on serpents from the days
of Adam and Eve through the ages. Not all of them are concerned with venomous
snakes, witness the classical statue of Laocoon and his two sons strangled by
huge serpents. The more primitive ophidians like the Boidae (Boa constrictor)
use sheer muscular force against their victims. The venomous snakes are more
highly specialized. In view of the mo.n medicinal use of snake venoms it is a
strange fact that, since Asclepios' times, they have signified the two aspects
of the pharmacon as potential poisons or remedies. The snake winding itself
around the caduceus (= Merkurstab) and pouring its poison into a recipient
vessel has become the symbol for the power of the physician: inimical forces
are tamed to heal.
Among the approximately 400 species considered to be venomous, only a
few are found in our materia medica: Lach., Crot-h. and Naja tripudians (= Naja
naja). Other species of Crotalus (Central American Crotalus durissus terrificus
and the S.American Crotalus terrificus terrificus under the name of Crot-c.),
Both-l. (= Bothrops atrox), 3 species of the genus Vip-b., Vip-r. and V.
Russellii), Agkistrodon mokeson under the name of Cenchris contortrix, and
lastly Elaps corallinus are still of minor importance.
These few represent the most poisonous families fairly well.
Though there is incomplete conformity with regard to the zoological
classification and nomenclature, it is significant that the development of the
poison-apparatus has been adopted as a morphological criterion for broad
classification (formation of teeth or fangs).
Not used in homeopathy: Aglyphodonta (which cannot inoculate venom into
their victim/have no grooved teeth) and the Opistoglyphodonta (possess grooved
teeth in the posterior mouth serving as grinders.
The two venomous families in the stricter sense:
1. Proteroglyphodonta with two small grooved fangs firmly implanted in
the front of the maxilla = land-snake family of Elapidae (Naja./Elaps.)
2. the Solenoglyphodonta with the families Crotalidae (genera Crotalus,
Agkistrodon, Bothrops, Lach.) and Viperidae (genus Vipera).
The Solenoglyphodonta are the most highly specialized, their two fangs
are large, slightly curved and hollow, they inject the poisonous secretion of
their supralabial salivary glands, as it were, through a hypo.mic needle. In
this they are aided by the mobility of the fangs and the jaws, and the
synchronized action of several muscles which instantaneously evacuate the
salivary glands through the ducts and the tubes of the fangs.
There is no doubt that the counterpart of the morphological evolution is
also found on the biochemical level, in the composition of the venoms of the
different families and species. The general statement that the venoms of the
Elapidae are more neurotoxic, while those of the Crotalidae and Viperidae
interfere more strongly with the blood cells and the blood coagulation, is to
be considered only as a first estimate. In spite of intense research into the
chemical nature of venoms, only some glimpses have as yet been obtained. This
is not surprising in view of the fact that dry snake venoms have been found to
consist of up to 92% protein. The protein (or at least polypeptide) nature of
the active principles is confirmed by a mass of immunological phenomena; they
can act as antigens, i.e., they are able to form antibodies when directly
injected into the circulating body-fluids of an unrelated species. The
immunizing sera thus obtained show a high degree of specificity against that particular
venom.
From numerous cross-experiments in this field two deductions can be
safely made.
1st: venoms of closely related snakes have similar antigenic composition
and, since the antigenic proteins are the active principles, the toxic effects,
too, are similar. To some extent such cross-reactions appear even to transcend
the class of reptiles altogether, as partial immunization by snake anti-venins
against scorpion venoms has been observed. This would indicate that so widely
distant types of animals have some active principles of proteinaceous nature in
common.
2nd: each venom is a complex of a number of active principles of
antigenic character. At least ten antigens are attributed to the venom of Naja.
Between two species of vipers (Vip-r. and Echis, the saw-scaled viper)
at least five cross-reacting antigens have been found. This is, however, not to
say that the different antigenic properties are due to so many separate
protein-molecules, but rather to distinct active groups on the agglomerate macromolecules.
At the present stage of knowledge the various names of these active principles
denote merely the kind of effect they have on parts of another organism.
Any foreign protein which gets into the blood-lymph stream by eluding
degradation through digestive enzymes constitutes a "poison" and the
organism will protect itself against it by a very specific reaction of its
globulins = formation of antibodies. In the course of this adaptive process
anaphylactic and allergic phenomena are known to occur under certain
circumstances. The antigen-antibody reactions represent, in a way, only the
spearhead of defensive activities. When in allergic conditions they produce
symptoms, these are in the main stereotyped in that they indicate either spasms
of involuntary muscles or changes in the permeability of the vessels. According
to present theories they are due to the liberation of histamine-like substances
from certain cells in the course of the immune-reaction. From our point of
view, such syndromes lack distinctiveness, they do not suffice to distinguish
the actions of one agent from those of another. For that purpose they have to
be supplemented by methodical provings. On the other hand, such allergic
syndromes demonstrate the action of such an "allergens" to be a
systemic one. Thus Hering was quite r. when he incorporated the symptoms which
appeared while he was triturating the venom of Lach., into the list of its
symptoms.
Recently, Stanic described the allergenic properties of the venom of
Vip-a. Scraping dry venom from petri dishes he became sensitized by the dust,
so he was seized by 1. sneezing, profuse nasal discharge lasting for hours, and
attacks of coughing. He tried to desensitize himself by injecting 0.00001 g.
subcut. into the forearm. The dose proved far too strong, since several minutes
later 2. urticaria, retrosternal pain and dyspnea appeared; 3. swelling of the
tongue made speech difficult, 4. a heavy asthmatic coughing attack occurred;
the forearm gradually got swill up to the fingers.
After a dose of 1:1.000.000 the reaction was milder and after another
one of the same strength very mild. Ten days later he experienced only mo.ate
sneezing from the dust, and coughing with retrosternal oppression. 8 months
later all the previous symptoms returned! In order to desensitize himself, he
injected 0.000004 g. intradermally and had the same reactions as on the first
occasion, but to a somewhat milder degree. Another chemist suffered for months
from asthma owing to the dust of the venom in the laboratory, so that he could
no longer work in the place.
By way of such experience the objection that snake venoms, given orally,
are ineffective is refuted (= widerlegt).
After 130 yrs of using the potentized venoms in Homeopathy, there is
hardly any need for such confirmation. It is true that the venoms in their
concentrated state do not pass the intact mucosa and if disintegrated by
digestive enzymes become harmless. But when dispersed as minute particles, and
the more thoroughly dispersed the better, they enter the lymph-spaces and
produce symptoms.
To those engaged in the study of enzymes it is familiar that these
proteins develop their specific effects only if sufficiently dispersed. The
oral administration of potentized venoms would thus appear to be equivalent to
the injection of a highly dispersed solution. Although for the snake it is
natural to inject its venom into its prey or enemies through the fangs, it is
not particularly biological to inject potencies, nor is it necessary. Only when
massive doses are used on general diagnoses, such as epilepsy or carcinoma,
does parenteral administration seem justified.
The use of snake venoms in these types of disease had had its vogue, but
nowadays one hears little of it. More recently Sanders, Akin, and Soret have used neurotoxoids (prepared with hydrogen
peroxide as detoxifying agent) of Naja and Crotalus species for checking
experimental poliomyelitis in rhesus monkeys. The common affinity of virus and
venom for the central nervous system appears to have suggested these
experiments. It is of interest to note that only when small amounts of toxoid
were used, as late as the fifth day after the intracerebral injection of virus,
interference with the infection could be achieved.
As constituents of the saliva of the snakes, the venoms have the
function of initiating and facilitating the digestion of animal tissues. The
proteins of the venoms must therefore, at least partly, be classified as
digestive enzymes. Snakes devour their victims whole without
breaking them up first. No wonder that these strong enzymes are highly toxic
for the victims. The horrifying consequences of snake bites have made a
profound impression on men.
If certain proteins of the venoms are distinguished by the epithet
"toxin," such as neurotoxin and cardiotoxin, this does not mean that
their action is not enzymatic. They may not be digestive enzymes, since their
primary function could be to paralyze or kill the prey; but their rapid and
strong effects are considered to be due to their interference with vital
enzyme-systems of the animal's organism, the proteinaceous "toxins"
acting as anti-enzymes. After all, the names are merely provisional, as long as
the structural configuration of the agent is unknown; they indicate no more
than the main direction of the actions (neuro-/cardio-/haemo-toxin) of isolated
fractions of the whole biological complex of the venom. The names of enzymes
acquire a fuller meaning the more precisely their mode of action is understood.
With the progress of biochemical research such terms as proteolysins,
cytolysis (including hemolysins and neurocytolysins), coagulins and
anticoagulins are replaced by terms denoting the particular enzymes which
catalyze the pertinent actions.
Following enzymes have been recognized in snake venoms:
proteinases, decompose proteins: one
proteinase is assumed in snake venoms/principal one appears to be similar to
trypsin, but is not identical with it/decomposition of proteins by these
powerful enzymes is apparently the first step in the poisoning process of snake
bites. The signs and symptoms at the site of the bite (pain, swelling, blood
extravasation and necrosis) are due to this parenteral digestion.
Not all snake venoms cause this local inflammation and necrosis,
Crotalidae and Viperidae more so than the Elapidae (Naja causes some pain and
swelling). Further the proteinases interfere with the globulins and the
fibrinogen of the plasma. From the globulins a hypotensive substance,
bradykinin, appears to be set free. The extreme prostration with cold
perspiration soon after the bite of Lach. and Crot-h. may be attributed to the
sudden lowering of the blood pressure. The action of proteinases on fibrinogen
manifests itself in the final stage of blood coagulation, the transformation of
fibrinogen into fibrin. This process is generally recognized as proteolytic.
Like thrombin, the proteinases of snake venoms activate fibrinogen by splitting
off a part of the molecule and, in the presence of calcium ions, a rapid
polymerization to fibrin then takes place. The structure of the fibrin clot
seems not the same as that from thrombin. Most, but not all, of the venoms of
Crotalidae and Viperidae promote blood clotting. In some instances the venom
proteinase appears to act so rapidly on the fibrinogen that it is decomposed
and cannot form a fibrin clot. The venom is then an anti-coagulant.
Furthermore, these venoms interfere also with the preceding stage of blood
coagulation, the formation of prothrombin and its conversion to thrombin.
5- nucleotidase specifically
dephosphorylates adenosin-5-phosphate: may well be responsible for the powerful
inhibition of cell-respiration seen from snake venoms, through decomposing the
enzyme-apparatus (mitochondria!) of the cells; but nothing definite is
known.
phospholipase A splits off an
unsaturated fatty acid from lecithin and cephalin/seems to have the most
deleterious systemic effect. It was first called lecithinase A because it
splits a fatty acid off lecithin A, but as it does the same with another
phospholipid, cephalin, the name phospholipase A is now preferred. For a better
understanding of its action, the formulae of lecithin and cephalin may be
recalled:
hyaluronidase which hydrolyzes the
polysaccharide hyaluronic acid/enzymes found in snake venoms, as in venomous
secretions and tissue extracts of many other animals, are not particularly
toxic by themselves, but they facilitate the penetration of other toxic
substances into the system. They are what used to be called the "spreading
factor". By splitting the mucopolysaccharide hyaluronic acid (similar to
heparin and chondroitin-sulfuric acid) apparently a normal tissue-protection is
removed. The hyaluronidases are antigenic. As the anti-viper sera do not
neutralize the spreading effect of the venom of Elapidae, the hyaluronidases of
those two series appear to be different.
acetylcholinesterase which
hydrolyzes acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. may play a part, though
probably not a decisive one, in the action of some venoms on the neuro-muscular
system; it is in this respect suggestive that the enzyme has been found only in
venoms of the neurotoxic Elapidae and not in those of the Viperidae.
l-aminoacid-oxidase: need not be
considered here, because no toxic effects are known of this enzyme, nor are
they to be expected. Its action seems to be correlated to riboflavin which
appears to be present in many snake venoms and to be responsible for their
yellow color.
Phospholipase A: Cephalin [found in all (living cells (in human
physiology it is in nervous tissue: white matter of brain, nerves, neural
tissue, in spinal cord. Lecithin is the principal phospholipid in animals,
cephalin is the principal one in bacteria] differs from lecithin only by having
colamine in the place of choline. Phospholipase A does not catalyze other
phospholipids, but only the two derived from glycerol, lecithin and cephalin.
Splits off the unsaturated fatty acid and thereby produces lysolecithin and
lysocephalin. It is conceivable that the selective permeability of cell
membranes will be thoroughly altered by this. Indeed, the lysophosphatides
produced by the enzyme have a strong lytic effect not only on the red blood
corpuscles, but also on other cells. The terms of hemolysin and cytolysis can,
at the present stage of knowledge and in respect of snake venoms, be replaced
by phospholipase A. The enzyme shows antigenic properties and is inhibited by
snake venom sera.
Not only erythrocytes but also leukocytes are broken up by
phospholipases, and leukopenia and even agranulocytosis may ensue. The
phospholipid content of leukocytes on the whole runs parallel to their
phagocytic activities. This makes such features of the effects of Crotalidae
venoms (Lach. and Crot-h.), as the lack of "pus bonum" = Eiter and the
poor healing tendency of necrotic-hemorrhagic ulcers more easily understood.
Since the cephalin constituent of the blood platelets appears to be the carrier
of the enzyme thrombokinase which activates prothrombin to form thrombin, the
phospholipases may also interfere with this first stage of blood coagulation.
Destruction of thrombokinase would lead to retarded coagulation and a tendency
to bleeding, features well-known in the syndrome (Crot-h.).
The phospholipase content of the venom of Crot-c. has been found to be
very high. In Bothrops species, on the other hand, the phospholipase content
was low, their venom is strongly coagulant.
This action is generally attributed to proteolytic enzymes, not only on
fibrinogen, as mentioned above, but also on prothrombin. According to H. Eagle,
the Bothrops venoms in extremely low concentrations, convert prothrombin to
thrombin and thus set going the coagulation mechanism. The varying proportions
of proteinases (acting on fibrinogen and/or on prothrombin) and phospholipases
obviously have a profound influence on the syndromes of the different species
(Crotalidae and Viperadae). In the Elapidae interference with blood coagulation
is much less prominent.
It should be mentioned that lately a useful test for snake (and bee's)
venoms has been developed from the action of their phospholipases on egg yolk
emulsions, the heat coagulability of which is inhibited. The retardation of the
coagulation is measured.
The phospholipases (probably in collaboration with the 5-nucleotidase,
as mentioned above, inactivate further physiological enzymes in the tricarbon
(or "citric acid") cycle of intermediary cell metabolism, thus
interfering with end-oxidation. Particularly the succinodehydrase is known to
be inhibited. Such inhibition of dehydrases has been seen from concentrations
of snake venom of 1:50 billion (10 -13 to 10 -14), while with a concentration
of 1:1 million (10-6) inhibition was complete. Crystallized lecithinase A has
been allowed to act on mitochondria of liver cells which are known to have a
high turnover in phospholipids, and inhibition of the oxidation of succinic
acid was then seen. The dehydrases of the so-called cyclophorase system are
attached to the mitochondria; the lecithin probably binds the enzymes to the mitochondria.
In view of the discussion to follow, it may be recalled that succinodehydrase
has a thiol-(SH-) group on which its enzymatic activity apparently depends.
Of special import are the phospholipases for the action of venoms on the
nerve system, the neuraxis as well as the medullary sheaths (= Hüllen) of the
peripheral nerves. There the cephalins are known to prevail over the lecithins.
When peripheral nerves degenerate, the cephalins are the first to decompose.
The neurotoxic principles of snake venoms have generally been termed
neurotoxins, but may now be described more precisely as phospholipases,
especially cephalinases, decomposing cephalins to lysocephalins. Since Slotta
and Fraenkel-Conrat obtained from the venom of Crotalus terrificus terrificus a
uniform protein in quadratic, thin, tabular crystals, which they called
"crotoxin," it seems established that the neurotoxic activity, too,
is due to phospholipases. The neurotoxic and the (in Crotalus venoms
prevailing) hemotoxic actions were found to have the same proportions in the
crystalline "crotoxin" as in the crude venom. The fact that crotoxin
was free of coagulating principles appears significant. The proportion to which
proteolytic enzymes are present in a particular venom may well have a bearing
on whether the hemotoxic or the neurotoxic actions of the proteinic enzyme
phospholipase predominate; but other directive conditions, as yet unknown, also
may play their part. In the Naja naja (tripudians) venom, long recognized as
chiefly neurotoxic, Slotta and Fraenkel-Conrat significantly found practically
no coagulant nor proteolytic action.
From the quantitative point of view, experimental results with the venom
of Vip-a. are of interest. The addition of 1:1.000 to 1:5.000 concentrations of
venom shortened the time of coagulation of recalcified plasma. With
concentrations between 1:1.0000 and 1:5.0000 the time of coagulation dropped to
a minimum level. Further dilutions of the same venom resulted in a new increase
of the coagulation time, finally reaching a plateau value which corresponded to
the coagulation time observed in the absence of venom. There was thus an
optimal effect as to acceleration of plasma-clotting in the range of 10 -5, 10
-6. Lecithin is glycerol of which 2 OH-groups are esterified by fatty acids
(the 2nd one being unsaturated). The 3rd OH-group is esterified with phosphoric
acid and this in turn with choline.
Sarkar has separated an active principle from Naja naja venom which has
an affinity to muscle and particularly that of the heart; he has called it
"cardiotoxin“. Injected intravenously into cats this
"cardiotoxin" caused a sharp fall in blood pressure.
Anima, Devi and Sarkar observed an increased systole and diastole of the
heart when it was per-fused with a solution of Naja venom of a concentration
1:50.000 to 1:10.000, while with a concentration of 1:400 to 1:300 the heart
went into final systolic contracture. In view of the in homeopathy familiar
cardiac syndrome of Naja these finds are noteworthy.
The relation of this fraction to the other toxic proteins, though,
remains to be clarified.
From the venom of Crot-c. another protein has been separated and, on
account of its basic properties, has been called "crotamine“. Other
Crotalus species do not appear to contain crotamine. If that should be
confirmed, one would have to make a greater distinction between Crot. horridus
and Crot. cascavella than is usually done. The characteristic effect of
crotamine is said to be a paralysis of the posterior extremities in mice. As the
crotamine has been separated from crotoxin by electrophoresis, it may well be
that, in the natural protein complex, the two neurotropic polypeptides are
combined.
By and large, these are the relevant facts so far revealed by
biochemical analysis of the various venoms. Obviously the relative amounts of
the different enzymes in the complex venom of each species will determine the
trend of the toxic effects. Though by their nature the snake venoms manifest
certain common features when acting on the human organism, contrasts between
families are evident, as between Elapidae (neuro-muscular and cardiac
affinities predominate/the inflammatory, necrotic, hemorrhagic and coagulant
signs are practically absent) on the one hand and Crotalidae and Viperidae (=
inflammatory/necrotic/hemorrhagic/coagulant). Nor must the time factor in the
development of the syndromes be overlooked. Though Naja, for instance, may have
hemolytic actions, they are overtaken by those on nerve centers and the heart.
Closer examination reveals toxicological differences between genera of the same
family and even between species of the same genus. At this point the need for
distinctive symptoms and modalities arises, as they are ascertained by
systematic provings and then sifted, confirmed and emphasized by experience.
These pointers to the "simile" in an individual case have to be
elaborated as specifically as possible, they should permit discrimination not
only between drugs from different species of snakes, but also from others that
may have more or less features in common with snake venoms. For the
symptomatology of a patient does not generally lead to the conclusion that the
appropriate remedy has to be found among the snake venoms, but the last choice
may be between snake venoms and minerals or plants.
Antidotiert von: Chol. counteracts action saponins/venom of bees,
spiders or snakes.
Schlangen können nicht hören + wenig sehen, jagen durch Geruchssinn +
Wahrnehmen von Bewegungen (‡ = Wahrnehmungssinn ‡)
Schlange, Kundalini, Uroboros Das Traumbild einer schwarz-weiß gefärbten Schlange, die
zusammengerollt im Kreis daliegt und vom Träumer keine Notiz nimmt, weist auf
ein bedeutendes Spiralsymbol.
Reisgöttin = Devis ris (Bali), entstanden aus Schlangenei. Sie verteidigt ihre Ehre und ihre Körper fällt auseinander in Reiskörner.
Adam =
Schutz gegen
Schlangen/Feuer/Gift/Krankheit/Dieben/Flut/Dämonen/Geisteskrankheit/Untreue/Feigheit.
Medusa Schlange (hat Schlangen am Kopf statt Haaren)/Drachen Göttinnen
Kundalini entspricht der Schlange Ananta, die sich um die Basis
der "axis mundi", des Weltenbaumes
(siehe hierzu "Der Baum wächst gen Himmel"), ringelt. Sie ist
assoziiert mit den Hindugöttern Vishnu und Shiva und symbolisiert zyklische
Ausdehnung und Kontraktion. Ananta trägt auch die Welt und garantiert ihre
Stabilität.
Im Symbol des Uroboros (ouroburos = Schwanzfresser, aus griech.
our = Schwanz u. boros = gefräßig), der Schlange, die in ihren eigenen Schwanz
beißt, stützt und beschützt sie die Welt, in dem sie einen ungebrochenen Kreis
bildet, der ein Auseinanderfallen verhindert. Das Bild symbolisiert das zyklische
Werden und Zurückkehren, die wiederkehrende Selbstbefruchtung, den ewigen
Kreislauf von Leben und Sterben, dem samsara o. Rad der Wiedergeburten. Weiter
ist es die Ehe, Vereinigung der chthonischen Welt, repräsentiert in der
Schlange, und dem Himmel, dargestellt im Kreis. Eine Bestätigung dieser
Interpretation scheinen Darstellungen zu sein, in denen der Uroboros mit
schwarzen und weißen Anteilen wie im obigen Traum abgebildet ist, das
entspräche der Vereinigung komplementärer Gegensätze wie Himmel und Erde, Tag
und Nacht, Yang und Yin. In psychologischer Sicht ist der Uroboros das
ursprüngliche Enthaltensein des Ich im Unbewussten.
Jeremy Narby (2001) entwickelt und belegt die Idee, dass die
mythischen Schlangen-/Drachendarstellungen das Wissen um die DNA ausdrücken,
dass schamanistische Visionen bis zur Molekularebene gelangen können.
The
missing of extremities enables them to have flowing movements of which no other
earth bound animal is capable. It is a wave-like movement There are even swimming
or flying snakes!
Bringen Veränderung hervor, ist
aber nicht anpassungsfähig
Sind Botschafter
des Außerirdische/Regenbringer
Apophis = Gott der Dunkelheit im Menschengestalt
‡ Urt (d)= Schlangen-/=
Bienengift/= Histamin-ähnlich ‡
Bringen Veränderung hervor, ist
aber nicht anpassungsfähig
Sind Botschafter
des Außerirdische/Regenbringer
Apophis = Gott der Dunkelheit im Menschengestalt
Medusa hat Angst EINflößende Kopf mit Schlangen als Haaren + der Blick versteinert/= Schwarze Göttin/= schwarzen (= loslassende) Aspekt der Artemis.
Midgardschlange umfängt die Welt.
Vorwort/Suchen Zeichen/Abkürzungen Impressum