Lophotrochozoa = Molluscae
[R. Sankaran]
Verhalten: Rückzug, zusammenziehen, schließen.
Kontrolle oder Verbindungen und Kontakt verlieren.
Braucht Schutz und Verlässlichkeit.
Das Draußen ist bedrohlich deshalb lieber in eine Schutzschale zurückziehen.
Aber drinnen ist begrenzt, eingesperrt, beengend, erstickend.
Poppelbaum: molluscae corresponding to the head.
Jaworski 1932: emphasized the female genital organs and functions
Mollusks ↔ Annelida
(unter Mollusca) ↔
Arthropoda
Mollusca Anhängsel. (Peter Morell)
Weichtiere (Mollusca), unter anderem Schnecken, Muscheln und
Tintenfischen
Invertebrates whose soft bodies are usually covered with hard shells,
such as with clams, oysters, snails, and slugs. First making their appearance
some 500 million years ago, molluscs have adapted to an amazing range of
environment. The phylum Mollusca is divided into six classes, of which the class
Cephalopoda includes the squid, cuttlefish, octopus, and chambered nautilus.
The modern cuttlefish appeared in the Micocene Epoch, about 21 million years
ago, and derived from a belemnite-like ancestor.
The cephalopods, 'head-footers', are unusual invertebrates because they
have evolved beyond the need for a shell. [Except the chambered nautilus the
only type has a complete shell.] The cuttlefish, as well as the squid, have
their small shell located inside the body, rather than outside. The octopus has
lost its shell completely. All cephalopods are marine animals and all are
carnivores.
Contrary to the sedentary life style of most gastropods, cephalopods are
very active and highly mobile.
Like all molluscs, cephalopods have a soft body covered with a tough,
skin-like layer called the mantle. The mantle encloses all of the body organs
such as the heart, stomach and gills. Whereas gastropods have one muscular
foot, cephalopods have 8 - 10 arms projecting from the head region. The body is
elongated, with a distinct head area, well-developed eyes and a horny beak. All
cephalopods have 3 hearts, a single systemic heart and two gill hearts.
The rhythmical contractions and expansions of the mantle cause a
circulation of water over the gills where gas exchange takes place between the
seawater and blood.
Freshly oxygenated blood from the gills enters the systematic heart,
from which it is pumped out again to the tissues. The deoxygenated blood
returning from the tissues
enters the gill hearts, each of which pumps the blood through one gill.
The saliva of cuttlefish contains a toxin that helps immobilize prey; the toxin
also appears to have a digestive function. It has a paralytic effect on certain
animals and occasionally on man.
"Cephalopods have unique abilities which most molluscs lack. They
are able to change the colour of their skin so that it blends in with the
surroundings. Cephalopod eyes
have received a lot of attention because they are much more developed
than other invertebrate eyes. They are more similar to vertebrate eyes because
they have a cornea,
lens, and retina. Cephalopods can see images, an ability that is not
found in other molluscs or any other invertebrates."
The eyes have a transparent cover and lid. They are set far apart on the
sides of the head enabling the animal to look forwards and backwards, with a
horizontal visual field
of almost 360°. To focus on close objects, the cuttlefish contracts the
muscles around the eye which pushes the lens forward, away from the retina. To
focus on distant objects, the cuttlefish relaxes the muscles and draws the lens
inward. Minute hairs along the cuttlefish head and tentacles detect low
frequency vibrations. This enables them to 'hear' and locate their prey.
"Cuttlefish are well known to scuba divers for their inquisitiveness and
lack of fear of the strange, bubbling animals intruding on their world. 'They
will follow you round like a little dog,' one diver affirms. 'If you move
gently, you can pet them and if you don't pay enough attention to them, they
will keep following you.
Penny, one of our team who wears a red outfit underwater, swears that a
cuttlefish was trying to have an affair with her one day, approaching, putting
its tentacles out towards her, then withdrawing them shyly. Their eyes can focus
images and distinguish colour, and Penny is a real mermaid."
Alle Mollusken: isoliert, bei Problem Rückzug und sich Verbergen; unbeweglich, einsam + eingeschlossen aber sicher im eigenem sicheren Schalenhaus.
Self centered/Self Contained
In my
own world/My space
Distance, disconnected from others, detached
Isolated, excluded
Lost
touch, lose contact
Lose
excitement, life and liveliness
Confined/Caged
Claustrophobic/Suffocated
Smash,
Crunch, Break, Bash, Crack, Split Open, Shatter
Fall,
Hit, Beat, Strike, Bang, Thump, Bruise
Hammer/Punch/Pound/Batter
Pierce,
Jab, Prod, Stab, Penetrated, Poke
Break
in, Break through
Boring,
Drilling
Eating
into, Corroding
Swallowed up
Sucked
out, sucked in
Drying
out, left high and dry
Float,
Drift, Swim
Not
grounded
Anchor,
Fasten, Secure
Renewal
Sinking,
pulled downward
Sea,
Quicksand, Whirlpool
[Otto Leeser]
Poppelbaum emphasized the molluscs as corresponding to the head
Jaworski emphasized more the molluscan note in the female genital organs
and functions. The same note which is sounded in the formation of the uterus
and vagina
sounds again in the realm of the cephalopods (squid/cuttle
fish/octopus). Homeopathy has the remedy Sep. (= ink of the cuttlefish/= outstanding for
migraine) and it
has an INfluence on the uterus and gyneacological functions.
[Mary Ellen Turner]
Duality that the outside is threatening so they go into their shell, but
inside they are claustrophobic.
** Ringelwürmer (Annelida),
unter anderem mit den Regenwürmern
Mollusks ↔ Annelida (unter Mollusca) ↔ Arthropoda
Arenicola. marina = Wattwurm,
Pierwurm
Glycera dibranchiata = blood. worm/Fischköder. Berührung: lokale Schmerz; Bisse wie
Bienenstich/enthält Atacamit. Quelle: Anglergeschäft
Helod-c. = Garden worm/= Hyper. - Schießen
Lumbricus terrestris. = Regenwurm/= night crawler/= earth-dragon.
* Hirudinae
Hir. = Sanguisuga
officinalis/= Blutegel
* Moostierchen (Bryozoa)
* Armfüßler (Brachiopoda)
* Igelwürmer (Echiura)
* Einschaler (Monoplacophora)
Meer. (Tiefsee)
* Kahnfüßler (Scaphopoda) Meer
* Muscheln (Bivalvia) Meer. + Süßwasser.x
* Kopffüßer (Cephalopoda) Meer.
*** Porifera [Gewebelose/Porifera (= Schwämme)]: marine sponges
Euplectella aspergillum.x = Gießkannenschwamm
Spong. = Iod-ähnlich
Calliandra brevipes = Pink. Powderpuff/= Esponja/Fabales
Cynos. = Rosegalle/= Schlafapfel/= Rosenschwamm
Bad. = Flussschwamm/= Rhus-t-ähnlich+ < Bewegung/= Merc-ähnlich + entgegengesetzte Modalitäten
Vergleich: Enthalten: Calcit o. Sil;
** Cnidarians:
* Blumentiere (Anthozoa) = Korallen
= Gerüst für Polypen/sieht aus wie Pflanze/Vermehrung (un)geschlechtlich (von Standort bestimmt/wachsen in vertikale Linien von Standort weg in alle Lagen + unabhängig von Licht).
Cor-r. = Blutkoralle/= Merc + > im Freien
Coral agatized [= mineralisiert mit Sil (= Chalcedon/Fossilien/Staatssymbol).
Petoskey stone = Hexagonaria percarinata (Fossilien/Staatssymbol Michigan).
** Actiniaria = Seeanemonen (= Seerosen/= Seenelken/= Aktinien)
Actiniaria = Fünfblättrigegruppe
Anemonia sulcata. = Seeanemone/= Wachsrose
Anthopleura xanthogrammica = giant green (sea)
anemone
Stichodactyla haddon = Teppichanemone/= Haddon’s Sea
Anemone
Stoichactis kenti. = sea anemone/Anemone waiting for prey
looks like a beautiful open flower, tentacles swaying in the current. As soon
as the tentacles sense a fish, the nematocysts fire, and the tentacles contract
bringing the prey toward the anemone's mouth. = Sep + weicher/easily affected
by the suffering of children/childhood/nostalgia
Amphiprion ocellaris
* Stiel- o. Becherquallen (Staurozoa)
** Cubozoa = Quallen
Sind erste Tiere, das Bewegung ausführen konnte/das erste Tier mit Mund/Verdauungskanal/Muskeln/Nerven.
Enthält menschenähnliches Kollagen
Medus = Aurelia Aurita (moon jellyfish) Scyphozoa/= Mischung zwischen Nat-m + Sep/= Nat-m + nicht eifersüchtig/hat Hist-ähnliche Wirkung/= Ohrenqualle
Chr-fl. = box jellyfish/= Astac-ähnLICH.
Turritopsis nutricula = Qualle/= biologisch unsterblich
* Schirmquallen (Scyphozoa)
* Hydrozoen (Hydrozoa) = Polypen
Hydra viridissima = grüne. Hydra/zieht sich zurück bei Wasserverschmutzung/erneuert sich fortwährend/Kloner/Aquarien
Irukandji jellyfish.
Physal-p.
= Portuguese man of war Hydrozoa
Flussperlmuschel Margaritifera margaritifera
Coral, sea anemones and jellyfish
Cor-r. (=
red gorgonian coral) Anthozoa
* Einschaler (Monoplacophora, selten auch Tryblidia, ca. 27 Arten, Meer (Tiefsee)
* Schnecken
(Gastropoda), angegebene Artenzahlen stark variabel (Angaben 50.000-150.000),
Meer. + Süßwasser. + Land
Gastropods and sea shells
Mollusc themes. and Land Snail themes:
Quelle: remedia.at
Topaz = blauer Topas/= blauer Pyknit/= blauer Schneckentopas/= blauer Schneckenstein
Euphydryas aurinia = Abbiss-Scheckenfalter/= Goldener Scheckenfalter/= Skabiosen-Scheckenfalter Schneckentopas, blauer
Alfa alfa = Schneckenklee
Cepaea hortensis = White-lipped banded Snail
Tectus denetatus (Tect-den.) = gezahnte Kreiselschnecke/= Toothed Snail, gezahnte Kreiselschnecke
Cypraea eglantina = Kauri/= Porzellanschnecke
Patella vulgate = Common Limpet/= Napfschnecke
Cratena peregrina = Nacktschnecke/= Hervia costai
Helix spec. = geröstete
Weinbergschnecke/Tb./= Helix
tosta
Helix pomatia = Roman Snail/= Escargots
Murex (inflatus) = Purple Fish/= Purpurschnecke/= Murex purpurea
Calcarea helicis pomatiae ssp. = Weinbergschneckenhaus
Aplysia. = See.haase. = 1e Objekt Hirnforschung. = Schnecke
Arctica islandica.x
Arion vulgaris.x = Spanische Wegschnecke
Blat-o. hat gleiche allergen Qualitäte wie Molluscae
Cypra-eg. = Kaurischnecke/= Porzellanschnecke
Cypraea moneta Tauschwährunggruppe
Cypraea tigris. = Gehäuse der Tigerschnecke
Megalodonten (Fossilien.) = Kuh.-tritt./= Geissenfüßle. = als Schutz im Fundament eingebaut
Nassa callosa = Schnecke Bismarckinsel o. Duke-of-Yorkinsel Melanesien Tauschwährunggruppe. Landschnecke
* Muscheln (Bivalvia), ca. 8000 Arten, Meer + Süßwasser
Murx. = Sep + SexVERlangen + verzweifelt/verabscheut Sex + MensesFLUSS (= Tyrian purple dye).
Mytilus edulis. = Perle aus Muschel
Tudorella sulcata = Landschnecke
Venus-m. (= clam)
* Ostredae = Austern
Calc. = Ostrea edulis/= part oyster shell
Calc-c. = Calc + Warzen
Conch. = Mater perlarum = Perlmutt
Conchae. w
Perle
Rose. Perle [wird in Strombus gigas = Schnecke/= Queen. Conch Glücksymbol (Buddhismus)].
Perna canaliculus = Grünlippmuschel/hohes Gehalt an Glykosaminoglykanen (langkettige Aminozuckerverbindungen), die auch in der Gelenkflüssigkeit (Gelenkschmiere/Synovialflüssigkeit) vorkommen/= Nahrungsergänzungsmittel.
Pecten maximus = Große Pilgermuschel
Pect. (=
scallop)
Pinna squamosa produziert braune Perle.
Pinna nobilis erzeugt Bhysus-/= Anker-fäden/= Muschelseide./= Sea silk Teuergruppe. Quelle: Chiara Vigo, Insel Sant’ Antic Sardinien Italien
Pinnaglobin (bindet mit Mn in Pinna squamosa) = Steckmuschel Tierisches Gewebe
Pistia stratiotes = Grüne. Wasserrose./= Muschelblume Quelle: Aquariumhandel Alismatales. Klonergruppe
** Eleutherozoen
* Echinoidea = Seeigel
Echinoderms Anhang.x
* Holothuroidea = Seegurke
* Asteroidea
Aster. = Bell + Angst vor Apoplexie/= Sep + Sexverlangen/= common red
starfish
Acan-p. = Seastar/= Dornenkronenseestern/= Seestern/= crown of thorns
starfish
*** Starfish and sea
urchins = Stachelhäuter
The non-centralized nervous system allows to sense the environment from
all sides. Sensory cells on the skin sense light/contact/chemicals/water
currents. Higher densities of sensory cells are
found in the tube feet and along feeding canal margins. Red pigmented
eye-spots are found at the end of each arm (function as photoreceptors).
Arabacia. fixula = Schwarze Seeigel
Echinocardium cordoratum = Herzseeigel/lebt im Sand unter Meeresspiegel/der Mund ist „Laterne des Aristoteles“.:
Echinarachnius parma = Sand-dollar Sterngruppe Meeresgruppex
Toxop. = Rosenseeigel/= Blumenseeigel
Arthropoda: Marine arthropods:
Lim. (= horseshoe crab) Cheliceramorpha
Hom. (= European lobster) Crustacea
*** Marine molluscs:
Teredo navalis = Köcherwurm/= Schiffswurm/= kokerworm
* Kopffüßler (Cephalopoda), ca. 786 Arten, Meer
Belemnite. (Staatssymbol Delaware)/= Luchsstein/= Blitzstein/= Pfeilstein/= Donneraxt/= Teufelsfinger riecht verreibend nach Ammonium/verwandt mit Squid (Fossilien)
* Sepida = Tintenschnecken
sind alle scheu, ziehen sich zurück (Tintenwolke)/sind nicht giftig (können beißen):
Ammoniten = Fossilien.x
Nautilius. = Perlboote
Eledone cirrhosa. (lesser octopus) Octopoda
Onychoteuthis banksii (clubhook squid) Teuthida
Octopus vulgaris. = Sep. + halt suchend/= Krake Liebesgruppe:
Sep. = Nat-m-ähnlich + gleichgültig gegenüber Familie
Sepioteuthis sepioidea = Kalmar
Squid.x
Belemnit
Perla dulce = Süßwasserperle Schichtgruppe. Flussperlmuschel (= Margaritifera margaritifera) max. 14 cm groß. Sie bildet meist kleine, nicht ganz runde Perlen mit einem etwas schwächeren Lüster
als bei Meerwasserperlen aus und kommt in den Flüssen und Bächen der nördlichen Hemisphäre vor. Für das Wachstum einer Perle von 4 mm wird mit einer Wachstumszeit von 20 bis 25 Jahren
gerechnet, für Perlen von 6–7 mm mit 40 bis 50 Jahren. Extrem selten sind Flussperlen von einer Größe über 20 mm, die nur in über 250 Jahre alten Muscheln zu finden sind. Bei genauer Überprüfung stellen sich meistens die Perlen als Artefakte heraus oder das Alter der Muscheln entspricht nicht den Erwartungen. Die Muschel benötigt absolut saubere, kalkarme Gewässer, die im Urgestein
entspringen, und gilt deshalb als hervorragender „Umweltindikator“.
Aragonit. CaCO3 enthalten in Schalen einiger Molluscae
Arduin siehe Fossil.x
Conusschnecke Admiralitätsinseln Tauschwährunggruppe.x
Panopea abrupta o. Panope generosa = Elefantenrüsselmuschel/= Königsmuschel/= Geoduck/= Aphrodisiacum.x
r. gedrehte. Schneckengehäuse = Muschelhorn/ruft zum Gebet/ist eins der 8 Kostbarkeiten.x
* Gastropoda
Abalone = Pauamuschel/= Irismuschel/= Seeopal/als Perlmutt verwendet/erzeugt Perle/als Räucherschale verwendet
Arion vulgaris.x
Janthina communis treibt auf einem Schaumkissen./lebt von Physalia. Neuston.x
Lymnaea stagnalis = Spitzschlammschnecke Süßwasser.x
Operculum [= Verschlussdeckel Turbo petholatus (= Seeschnecke.) = Maona Perle. o. Chinesiches Katzenauge./zeigt rötliche Wachstumsspirale]
Strombus alatus = Florida fighting. conch
Strombus costatus = Milk. conch
Strombus gigas = Queen. conch
Strombus = raninus = Hawkwing. conch
Schneckenachat Spiralgruppe. = Fossilien.x
Tudorella sulcata. = Landschnecke
Schneckenkönige. = Schnecken, deren Häuser in die andere, nicht arttypische Richtung gewunden sind.
Caridea = Garnele
Justicia brandeguena = Baloperone guttate = Garnalenplant Quelle: Gärtenerei .x
Vergleich: Comparison: Astac.
Aster. Calc. Ch-fl. Conch. Cypr-e. Elat. Hom. Lim. Medus. Murx. Pect. Sep. Ven-m.;
Comparison Rodents + Insects + Molluscs (Bhawisha Joshi)
Siehe: Meeresgruppe.
Vorwort/Suchen.
Zeichen/Abkürzungen. Impressum.